- Artificial Intelligence in Cancer
- Artificial Intelligence in Gastroenterology
- Artificial Intelligence in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
- Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging
- World Journal of Anesthesiology
- World Journal of Biological Chemistry
- World Journal of Cardiology
- World Journal of Clinical Cases
- World Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases
- World Journal of Clinical Oncology
- World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics
- World Journal of Clinical Urology
- World Journal of Critical Care Medicine
- World Journal of Dermatology
- World Journal of Diabetes
- World Journal of Experimental Medicine
- World Journal of Gastroenterology
- World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
- World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology
- World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology
- World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics
- World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
- World Journal of Hematology
- World Journal of Hepatology
- World Journal of Hypertension
- World Journal of Immunology
- World Journal of Medical Genetics
- World Journal of Meta-Analysis
- World Journal of Methodology
- World Journal of Nephrology
- World Journal of Neurology
- World Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- World Journal of Ophthalmology
- World Journal of Orthopedics
- World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
- World Journal of Pharmacology
- World Journal of Psychiatry
- World Journal of Radiology
- World Journal of Respirology
- World Journal of Rheumatology
- World Journal of Stem Cells
- World Journal of Stomatology
- World Journal of Surgical Procedures
- World Journal of Translational Medicine
- World Journal of Transplantation
- World Journal of Virology
- 世界华人消化杂志
Editorial
Current and future applications of in vitro magnetic resonance spectroscopy in hepatobiliary disease
I Jane Cox, Amar Sharif, Jeremy FL Cobbold, Howard C Thomas, Simon D Taylor-Robinson
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4773-4783.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4773
Abstract (1208)
|
Core Tip (749)
|
Full Article (HTML) (4550)
|
Figures (1-5) (460)
|
Full Article (PDF)-875K (365)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
CrossRef
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (16)
|
Total Visits (7532)
|
Similar Articles (11)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
AS Peña
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4784-4787.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4784
Abstract (997)
|
Core Tip (819)
|
Full Article (HTML) (2020)
|
Full Article (PDF)-580K (367)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
CrossRef
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (6)
|
Total Visits (4337)
|
Similar Articles (631)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Review
Ying-Li He, Ying-Ren Zhao, Shu-Lin Zhang, Shu-Mei Lin
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4788-4793.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4788
Abstract (1146)
|
Core Tip (937)
|
Full Article (HTML) (4794)
|
Tables (1-3) (389)
|
Full Article (PDF)-602K (377)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
CrossRef
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (39)
|
Total Visits (7867)
|
Similar Articles (372)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Topic Highlight
Carsten Büning, Herbert Lochs
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4794-4806.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4794
Abstract (1056)
|
Core Tip (862)
|
Full Article (HTML) (2987)
|
Tables (1-7) (393)
|
Full Article (PDF)-816K (432)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
CrossRef
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (10)
|
Total Visits (5949)
|
Similar Articles (35)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Silvio Danese, Claudio Fiocchi
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4807-4812.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4807
Abstract (1073)
|
Core Tip (760)
|
Full Article (HTML) (8385)
|
Full Article (PDF)-656K (505)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
CrossRef
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (230)
|
Total Visits (10895)
|
Similar Articles (613)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Valeria Criscuoli, Maria Rosa Rizzuto, Mario Cottone
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4813-4818.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4813
Abstract (1049)
|
Core Tip (760)
|
Full Article (HTML) (3966)
|
Tables (1-1) (307)
|
Full Article (PDF)-686K (307)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
CrossRef
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (34)
|
Total Visits (6512)
|
Similar Articles (661)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Katja S Rothfuss, Eduard F Stange, Klaus R Herrlinger
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4819-4831.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4819
Abstract (1291)
|
Core Tip (827)
|
Full Article (HTML) (11608)
|
Figures (1-5) (342)
|
Tables (1-1) (373)
|
Full Article (PDF)-882K (960)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
CrossRef
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (239)
|
Total Visits (15677)
|
Similar Articles (130)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Gastric Cancer
Hajiani Eskandar, Sarmast Shoshtari Mohammad Hossein, Masjedizadeh Rahim, Hashemi Jalal, Azmi Mehrdad, Tahereh Rajabi
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4832-4835.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4832
Abstract (1053)
|
Core Tip (651)
|
Full Article (HTML) (1509)
|
Tables (1-4) (315)
|
Full Article (PDF)-602K (305)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (0)
|
Total Visits (3986)
|
Similar Articles (1164)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Viral Hepatitis
Mostafa K El-Awady, Ashraf A Tabll, Yasmine S El-Abd, Mahmoud M Bahgat, Hussein A Shoeb, Samar S Youssef, Noha G Bader El Din, El-Rashdy M Redwan, Maha El-Demellawy, Moataza H Omran, Wael T El-Garf, Said A Goueli
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4836-4842.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4836
Abstract (949)
|
Core Tip (812)
|
Full Article (HTML) (1703)
|
Figures (1-5) (392)
|
Full Article (PDF)-939K (294)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (0)
|
Total Visits (4296)
|
Similar Articles (385)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Basic Research
Stephan L Haas, Ralf Jesnowski, Michael Steiner, Frank Hummel, Jörg Ringel, Christine Burstein, Horst Nizze, Stefan Liebe, J Matthias Löhr
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4843-4849.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4843
Abstract (1081)
|
Core Tip (670)
|
Full Article (HTML) (2055)
|
Figures (1-6) (454)
|
Tables (1-4) (350)
|
Full Article (PDF)-987K (395)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (0)
|
Total Visits (5240)
|
Similar Articles (4)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Suck-Chei Choi, Eun-Ju Choi, Hyun-Mee Oh, SungGa Lee, Jeong-Kun Lee, Meung-Su Lee, Yong-Il Shin, Suck-Jun Choi, Jeong-Ryong Chae, Kang-Min Lee, Won-Jung Lee, Jae-Sik Park, Chang-Yell Shin, Tae-Young Oh, Chang-Duk Jun
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4850-4858.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4850
Abstract (1117)
|
Core Tip (686)
|
Full Article (HTML) (2016)
|
Figures (1-9) (535)
|
Full Article (PDF)-1058K (376)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (0)
|
Total Visits (4941)
|
Similar Articles (9)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Chun-Ping Wang, Lin Zhou, Shu-Hui Su, Yan Chen, Yin-Ying Lu, Fei Wang, Hong-Jun Jia, Yong-Yi Feng, Yong-Ping Yang
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4859-4865.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4859
Abstract (985)
|
Core Tip (776)
|
Full Article (HTML) (1517)
|
Figures (1-4) (336)
|
Full Article (PDF)-837K (329)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (0)
|
Total Visits (4055)
|
Similar Articles (43)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Wei Li, Su-Nan Liu, Duan-De Luo, Lei Zhao, Ling-Lan Zeng, Shu-Ling Zhang, Shu-Li Li
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4866-4869.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4866
Abstract (894)
|
Core Tip (749)
|
Full Article (HTML) (1220)
|
Figures (1-6) (372)
|
Full Article (PDF)-1163K (252)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (0)
|
Total Visits (3600)
|
Similar Articles (37)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Rapid Communication
Nobuhisa Akamatsu, Yasuhiko Sugawara, Sumihito Tamura, Yuichi Matsui, Junichi Kaneko, Masatoshi Makuuchi
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4870-4872.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4870
Abstract (880)
|
Core Tip (704)
|
Full Article (HTML) (1450)
|
Tables (1-2) (341)
|
Full Article (PDF)-646K (226)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (0)
|
Total Visits (3733)
|
Similar Articles (503)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Atsushi Tashiro, Masatoshi Sano, Koichi Kinameri, Kazutaka Fujita, Yutaka Takeuchi
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4873-4874.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4873
Abstract (850)
|
Core Tip (732)
|
Full Article (HTML) (1651)
|
Tables (1-1) (308)
|
Full Article (PDF)-611K (371)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (0)
|
Total Visits (4063)
|
Similar Articles (1168)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Ramón Añón, Marta Maia Boscá, Vicente Sanchiz, Joan Tosca, Pedro Almela, Cirilo Amorós, Adolfo Benages
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4875-4878.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4875
Abstract (958)
|
Core Tip (716)
|
Full Article (HTML) (1544)
|
Tables (1-1) (320)
|
Full Article (PDF)-596K (298)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (0)
|
Total Visits (3974)
|
Similar Articles (26)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Cagatay Korkut, Oktar Asoglu, Murat Aksoy, Yersu Kapran, Hatice Bilge, Nese Kiremit-Korkut, Mesut Parlak
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4879-4883.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4879
Abstract (949)
|
Core Tip (672)
|
Full Article (HTML) (1534)
|
Figures (1-3) (348)
|
Tables (1-2) (341)
|
Full Article (PDF)-859K (274)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (0)
|
Total Visits (4254)
|
Similar Articles (0)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Eskandar Hajiani, Jalal Hashemi, Rahim Masjedizadeh, Ali Akbar Shayesteh, Esmail Idani, Tahereh Rajabi
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4884-4887.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4884
Abstract (1005)
|
Core Tip (816)
|
Full Article (HTML) (2249)
|
Tables (1-2) (336)
|
Full Article (PDF)-717K (377)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
CrossRef
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (17)
|
Total Visits (4931)
|
Similar Articles (192)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Seyed Amir Mirbagheri, Mehrdad Hasibi, Mehdi Abouzari, Armin Rashidi
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4888-4891.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4888
Abstract (1014)
|
Core Tip (680)
|
Full Article (HTML) (3008)
|
Tables (1-1) (328)
|
Full Article (PDF)-581K (368)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
CrossRef
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (20)
|
Total Visits (5553)
|
Similar Articles (0)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Gabor C Kovacs, Geza Telek, Janos Hamar, Jozsef Furesz, Janos Regoly-Merei
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4892-4896.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4892
Abstract (1018)
|
Core Tip (695)
|
Full Article (HTML) (2393)
|
Figures (1-3) (346)
|
Tables (1-2) (344)
|
Full Article (PDF)-727K (319)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
CrossRef
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (6)
|
Total Visits (5282)
|
Similar Articles (235)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Tsung-Jung Lin, Li-Ying Liao, Shyr-Yi Lin, Chih-Lin Lin, Ting-An Chang
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4897-4901.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4897
Abstract (1024)
|
Core Tip (794)
|
Full Article (HTML) (2565)
|
Tables (1-4) (374)
|
Full Article (PDF)-645K (375)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
CrossRef
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (19)
|
Total Visits (5271)
|
Similar Articles (133)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Yi Ma, Guo-Dong Wang, Lin-Wei Wu, Rui-De Hu
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4902-4905.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4902
Abstract (1039)
|
Core Tip (731)
|
Full Article (HTML) (2399)
|
Figures (1-3) (360)
|
Full Article (PDF)-1439K (359)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
CrossRef
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (13)
|
Total Visits (5037)
|
Similar Articles (1)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Case Report
David Ryan Owen, Ramachandran Sivakumar, Eui-Sik Suh, Murugiah Seevaratnam
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4906-4907.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4906
Abstract (965)
|
Core Tip (676)
|
Full Article (HTML) (1947)
|
Full Article (PDF)-684K (332)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
CrossRef
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (1)
|
Total Visits (4035)
|
Similar Articles (0)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Iman Zandieh, Mohamed Adenwalla, Cindy Cheong-Lee, Patrick E Ma, Eric M Yoshida
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4908-4910.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4908
Abstract (1008)
|
Core Tip (851)
|
Full Article (HTML) (2146)
|
Figures (1-2) (374)
|
Full Article (PDF)-652K (300)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
CrossRef
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (16)
|
Total Visits (4874)
|
Similar Articles (352)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Chiara Viola, Tarik Asselah, Didier Samuel, François Durand, Hamza Boudjema, Dominique Valla, Patrick Marcellin
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4911-4913.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4911
Abstract (896)
|
Core Tip (759)
|
Full Article (HTML) (2048)
|
Figures (1-1) (350)
|
Tables (1-1) (340)
|
Full Article (PDF)-643K (313)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
CrossRef
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (7)
|
Total Visits (4839)
|
Similar Articles (2285)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Tomohisa Iwai, Mitsuhiro Kida, Yoshiki Kida, Nobuaki Shikama, Akitaka Shibuya, Katsunori Saigenji
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4914-4917.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4914
Abstract (955)
|
Core Tip (662)
|
Full Article (HTML) (2785)
|
Figures (1-6) (558)
|
Tables (1-1) (369)
|
Full Article (PDF)-1146K (348)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
CrossRef
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (11)
|
Total Visits (5869)
|
Similar Articles (0)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Hirotaka Tokai, Yujo Kawashita, Susumu Eguchi, Yukio Kamohara, Mitsuhisa Takatsuki, Sadayuki Okudaira, Yoshitsugu Tajima, Tomayoshi Hayashi, Takashi Kanematsu
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4918-4921.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4918
Abstract (982)
|
Core Tip (909)
|
Full Article (HTML) (2688)
|
Figures (1-5) (395)
|
Full Article (PDF)-1247K (305)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
CrossRef
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (17)
|
Total Visits (5474)
|
Similar Articles (44)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Norie Yamada, Chiaki Okuse, Masahito Nomoto, Mayu Orita, Yoshiki Katakura, Toshiya Ishii, Takuo Shinmyo, Hiroaki Osada, Ichiro Maeda, Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi, Michihiro Suzuki, Fumio Itoh
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4922-4926.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4922
Abstract (1191)
|
Core Tip (752)
|
Full Article (HTML) (2708)
|
Figures (1-7) (338)
|
Tables (1-1) (352)
|
Full Article (PDF)-1419K (305)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
CrossRef
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (1)
|
Total Visits (5786)
|
Similar Articles (31)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Panagiotis Katsinelos, George Basdanis, Grigorios Chatzimavroudis, Giorgia Karagiannoulou, Taxiarchis Katsinelos, George Paroutoglou, Basilios Papaziogas, George Paraskevas
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4927-4929.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4927
Abstract (994)
|
Core Tip (728)
|
Full Article (HTML) (2327)
|
Figures (1-3) (380)
|
Full Article (PDF)-725K (462)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
CrossRef
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (5)
|
Total Visits (5052)
|
Similar Articles (25)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open
Letters To The Editor
Ersan Özaslan
World J Gastroenterol
12(30):4930-4931.
Published online Aug 14, 2006.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i30.4930
Abstract (959)
|
Core Tip (754)
|
Full Article (HTML) (1811)
|
Full Article (PDF)-594K (262)
|
RCA
|
PubMed Central
|
PubMed
|
CrossRef
|
Google Scholar
|
Times Cited (7)
|
Total Visits (3932)
|
Similar Articles (7)
|
Article Quality Tracking (0)
|
What about the content of this article? (0)
|
Cite
|
(0)
|
Open
(0)
|
Open