Removal of pediatric stage IV neuroblastoma by robot-assisted laparoscopy: A case report and literature review

Figure 1 Abdominal enhanced computed tomography images. A: A middle line retroperitoneal neoplasm with the inferior vena cava, right renal vessels, and abdominal aorta traversing in it (before chemotherapy); B: The tumor shrank considerably, but the above-mentioned vessels were still encased by the tumor (preoperatively after chemotherapy); C: Clearance of the tumor around the vessels (postoperative changes).

Figure 2 Trocar locations. A is the hole for the second arm of the robot, b is the auxiliary hole, c is the lens hole, d is the hole for the first arm of the robot, and e is the second auxiliary hole.

Figure 3 Incision healing at 2 mo after five-port laparoscopic surgery.

Figure 4 Pathological images. A: Hematoxylin and eosin staining (40×); B-D: Immunohistochemical staining for CD56 (B), NSE (C), and Ki-67 (D) (20×).