Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Jan 7, 2022; 10(1): 143-154
Published online Jan 7, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i1.143
Evaluation of right-to-left shunt on contrast-enhanced transcranial Doppler in patent foramen ovale-related cryptogenic stroke: Research based on imaging
Lei Xiao, Yan-Hong Yan, Ya-Fang Ding, Man Liu, Li-Juan Kong, Chun-Hong Hu, Pin-Jing Hui
Lei Xiao, Yan-Hong Yan, Ya-Fang Ding, Man Liu, Li-Juan Kong, Pin-Jing Hui, Stroke Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
Chun-Hong Hu, Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
Author contributions: Hui PJ and Xiao L designed the research study; Xiao L, Yan YH, Ding YF, Liu M and Kong LJ performed the research; Hu CH reviewed the images; Xiao L analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript; All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Supported by People’s Livelihood Science and Technology Project (Research on Application of Key Technologies) of Suzhou (No. SS202061) and Technical Cooperation Project of Soochow University (No. H211064).
Institutional review board statement: This study has been approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University (No. 2020-087).
Informed consent statement: Informed consent was obtained from all participants in this study.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Pin-Jing Hui, MD, PhD, Chief Physician, Professor, Stroke Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899 Pinghai Street, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China. pinjing-hui@163.com
Received: August 22, 2021
Peer-review started: August 22, 2021
First decision: October 22, 2021
Revised: November 4, 2021
Accepted: November 25, 2021
Article in press: November 25, 2021
Published online: January 7, 2022
Core Tip

Core Tip: This retrospective study analyzed the relationship between right-to-left shunt (RLS) detected on contrast-enhanced transcranial Doppler (c-TCD) and infarction pattern detected on diffusion-weighted imaging in patients with patent foramen ovale (PFO)-related cryptogenic stroke, when combining the type and grade of RLS. Permanent RLS induced by PFO was more likely to involve multiple territories, while latent RLS tended to affect the posterior circulation. RLS grade evaluated by c-TCD was correlated to size of PFO determined by transesophageal echocardiography. Multiple, small and cortical infarcts suggested large RLS induced by a large PFO.