Published online Apr 6, 2020. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i7.1319
Peer-review started: December 26, 2019
First decision: February 26, 2020
Revised: March 24, 2020
Accepted: March 27, 2020
Article in press: March 27, 2020
Published online: April 6, 2020
Sjögren syndrome (SS) is a chronic and systemic autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands. And histoplasmosis is an invasive mycosis caused by the saprophytic dimorphic fungus H. capsulatum. In patients with primary SS (PSS), disseminated histoplasmosis (DH) is extremely rare.
We report a 37-year-old female patient admitted to our hospital with exacerbating fatigue, somnolence, and pancytopenia as the main symptoms. She was eventually diagnosed with DH based on pancytopenia, splenomegaly, and findings of bone marrow smears. The atypical clinical symptoms made the diagnosis process more tortuous. Unfortunately, she died of respiratory failure on the day the diagnosis was confirmed.
We present a rare and interesting case of DH in a PSS patient. This case updates the geographic distribution of histoplasmosis in China, and expands the clinical manifestations of DH in PSS, highlighting the significance of constantly improving the understanding of PSS with DH.
Core tip: We present a rare and interesting case of disseminated histoplasmosis (DH) in a primary Sjögren syndrome (PSS) patient. This case updates the geographic distribution of histoplasmosis in China, and expands the clinical manifestations of DH in PSS. These findings improve our understanding of DH in PSS and may allow for earlier identification.