LncRNA SNHG5 modulates cell proliferation and migration through the miR-92a-3p/BTG2 axis in gastric cancer by the PI3K/AKT pathway

Figure 1 Expression of long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 5, miR-92a-3p, and B-cell translocation gene 2 in gastric cancer. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR was performed to detect the mRNA level of long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 5, BTG2, and miR-92a-3p in gastric cancer tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues. A: Long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 5; B: B-cell translocation gene 2; C: MiR-92a-3p. ^cP < 0.001. lncRNA: Long non-coding RNA; SNHG5: Small nucleolar RNA host gene 5; BTG2: B-cell translocation gene 2; hsa: Human; miR: MicroRNA.

Figure 2 Long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 5 overexpression and miR-92a-3p knockdown inhibited the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells. A: CCK-8 assay was used to detect the cell activity after long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 5 (SNHG5) overexpression and miR-92a-3p knockdown; B: The colony formation assay was performed to detect the clonogenic ability of gastric cancer (GC) cells after lncRNA SNHG5 overexpression and miR-92a-3p knockdown; C: Scratch assay was used to detect the wound healing ability of GC cells after lncRNA SNHG5 overexpression and miR-92a-3p knockdown; D: The Transwell assay detected the migration and invasion ability of GC cells after lncRNA SNHG5 overexpression and miR-92a-3p knockdown (× 200 magnification). Scale bar: 100 μm. ^bP < 0.01; ^cP < 0.001; lncRNA: Long non-coding RNA; SNHG5: Small nucleolar RNA host gene 5; NC: Negative control; OE-lncRNA SNHG5: Overexpression of long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 5; sh: Short hairpin; miR: MicroRNA.

Figure 3 Luciferase report showed the relationship between small nucleolar RNA host gene 5/miR-92a-3p and miR-92a-3p/B-cell translocation gene 2. A: Small nucleolar RNA host gene 5/miR-92a-3p; B: MiR-92a-3p/B-cell translocation gene 2. ^bP < 0.01; ^cP < 0.001; NC: Negative control; WT-lncRNA SNHG5: Wild-type long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 5 vector; MUT-lncRNA SNHG5: Mutant long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 5 vector; WT-BTG2: Wild-type B-cell translocation gene 2 vector; MUT-BTG2: Mutant B-cell translocation gene 2 vector; miR: MicroRNA.

Figure 4 Long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 5 overexpression improved the severity of gastric cancer in vivo. A: Tumor photographs; B: Body weight change (g); C: Tumor volume (mm³); D: Tumor weight (g); E: Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression of B-cell translocation gene 2, PI3K, p-PI3K, AKT, and p-AKT. With the ratio of B-cell translocation gene 2/GAPDH, PI3K/GAPDH, p-PI3K/GAPDH, AKT/GAPDH, and p-AKT/GAPDH, the control was defined as 1. ^aP < 0.05; ^bP < 0.01; ^cP < 0.001; NC: Negative control; OE-lncRNA SNHG5: Overexpression of long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 5; BTG2: B-cell translocation gene 2.

Figure 5 miR-92a-3p knockdown improved the severity of gastric cancer in vivo. A: Tumor photographs; B: Body weight change (g); C: Tumor volume (mm³); D: Tumor weight (g); E: Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression of B-cell translocation gene 2, PI3K, p-PI3K, AKT, and p-AKT. With the ratio of B-cell translocation gene 2/GAPDH, PI3K/GAPDH, p-PI3K/GAPDH, AKT/GAPDH, and p-AKT/GAPDH, the control was defined as 1. ^bP < 0.01; ^cP < 0.001; NC: Negative control; BTG2: B-cell translocation gene 2; sh: Short hairpin; miR: MicroRNA.

Figure 6 Long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 5 overexpression was related to miR-92a-3p, B-cell translocation gene 2, and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. A: Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression of B-cell translocation gene 2 (BTG2), PI3K, p-PI3K, AKT, and p-AKT. With the ratio of BTG2/GAPDH, PI3K/GAPDH, p-PI3K/GAPDH, AKT/GAPDH, and p-AKT/GAPDH, the control was defined as 1; B: Quantitative reverse transcription PCR was applied to detect BTG2. ^aP < 0.05; ^bP < 0.01; ^cP < 0.001; NC: Negative control; BTG2: B-cell translocation gene 2; OE-lncRNA SNHG5: Overexpression of long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 5.

Figure 7 Effects of miR-92a-3p knockdown on B-cell translocation gene 2 and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. A: Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression of B-cell translocation gene 2 (BTG2), PI3K, p-PI3K, AKT, and p-AKT. With the ratio of BTG2/GAPDH, PI3K/GAPDH, p-PI3K/GAPDH, AKT/GAPDH, and p-AKT/GAPDH, the control was defined as 1; B: Quantitative reverse transcription PCR was applied to detect BTG2. ^aP < 0.05; ^bP < 0.01; ^cP < 0.001; NC: Negative control; BTG2: B-cell translocation gene 2; sh: Short hairpin; miR: MicroRNA.