Pathogenetic factors affecting gastroesophageal reflux in patients with esophagitis and concomitant duodenal ulcer: a multivariate analysis

Table 1 Independent variables

Variables	Items	Definition
X1	Age	Years
X2	Hiatal hernia	0 (no)
		1 (yes)
X3	Smoking cigarette	0 (< 1.2 cig./week)
		1 (< 10 cig./day)
		2 (> 10 cig./day)
X4	Alcohol consumption	0 (< once/month)
		1 (once/week)
		2 (> once a week)
X5	GER in upright position	Percentage time
X6	GER in supine position	Percentage time
X7	BAO	mEq/h
X8	MAO	mEq/h
X9	PAO	mEq/h
X10	Gastrin	μg/L

Table 2 Endoscopicl findings in two groups of patients

	Esophagitis		HH (%)	Ulcer (%)
	I-II (%)	III-IV (%)
E + DU (n = 31)	74.6	25.4	49.0	100
E (n = 72)	79.1	20.9	55.6	0
P value	> 0.05	> 0.05	> 0.05

E + DU = patient with esophagitis and duodenal ulcer E = patient with esophagitis only

Table 3 Parameters of 24h intraesophageal pH-monitoring

	GER-up* (% time)	GER-sup (% time)	Episode > 5 min (No.)
E + DU	15.94 ± 5.91	13.98 ± 14.20	7.85 ± 3.67
E	15.96 ± 14.58	14.33 ± 21.20	8.28 ± 7.10
P value	> 0.05	> 0.05	> 0.05

*GER-up = GER in upright position GER-sup = GER in supine position

Table 4 Contribution of independent variable to dependent variable

Variables	Coefficients (b)		X value (mean)	Contribution (%)
	1st RR	Last RR
E + DU
X2 (HH)	0.3943586	0.5696282	0.36363	52.39
X5 (GER-up)	4.044132E-02	1.027288E-02	14.65455	38.08
X1 (age)	2-869943E-02	8.406402E-04	44.81818	9.53
E
X5 (GER-up)	2.735608E-02	1.156702E-02	19.21875	80.56
X8 (MAO)	3.405805E-02	9.72133E-04	28.34812	9.99
X2 (HH)	0.1626756	4.629944E-02	0.562600	9.45

RR = round of regression GER up = GER in upright position