Clinical characteristics and endoscopic management of inflammatory fibroid polyp of the gastrointestinal tract

Figure 1 Endoscopic and endoscopic ultrasound features of an esophageal inflammatory fibroid polyp. A: A large tumor in the esophagus; B: Close observation revealed that this lesion was located above the dentate line; C: A hyperechoic tumor with slightly heterogeneous internal echoes located at the esophagus; D: The resected specimen was 50 mm × 30 mm.

Figure 2 Endoscopic and endoscopic ultrasound findings of a duodenal inflammatory fibroid polyp. A and B: A polyp with a thick pedicle was noted approximately 2 cm orally to the duodenal papilla; C: Endoscopic ultrasonography suggested that this lesion was hyperechoic and originated from the mucosal layer; D: The resected specimen was 20 mm × 10 mm.

Figure 3 Endoscopic and pathological findings of an inflammatory fibroid polyp concurrent with early gastric cancer. A: White light endoscopy showing a gastric antrum lesion with erythema and an irregular, rough mucosal surface; B and C: Endoscopic resection of the lesion via endoscopic submucosal dissection; D: The resected specimen measuring 50 mm × 35 mm; E: Low-power view (hematoxylin and eosin staining, × 40) of inflammatory fibroid polyp (IFP) overlying adenocarcinoma tissue; F: High-power view (hematoxylin and eosin staining, × 200) of IFP adjacent to early gastric cancer foci; G: CD34 immunohistochemical staining (× 200) showing diffuse expression in spindle tumor cells of IFP; H: Ki67 immunohistochemical staining (× 200) with a high proliferation index in the adenocarcinoma region and a low index in the IFP region.

Figure 4 Endoscopic submucosal dissection for a gastric antral inflammatory fibroid polyp and its postoperative local recurrence. A: Distant view demonstrating a Yamada type I lesion in the antrum; B: Endoscopic resection of the tumor; C: Final endoscopic submucosal dissection defect; D: Endoscopic re-evaluation conducted 12 months later demonstrating recurrence of the lesion.