Prevalence and associated factors of suicide among hospitalized schizophrenic patients

Table 2 Univariable analysis of potential risk factors for suicide risk

Characteristics	Univariable ordinal logistic regression
	OR (95%CI)	P value
Sociodemographic
Sex			0.116
Male	1.00
Female	1.85 (0.86-3.98)
Age (yr)	0.96 (0.93-0.99)		0.026a
Educational level			0.609
Uneducated	1.00
1-6 yr	2.03 (0.43-9.56)
7-9 yr	1.90 (0.38-9.57)
10-12 yr	3.01 (0.58-15.70)
13 yr or more	1.07 (0.13-8.53)
Marital status			0.316
Single	1.00
Married	0.63 (0.20-1.93)
Divorced/Separated/Widowed	1.60 (0.70-3.66)
Occupation			0.272
Unemployed	1.00
Employed	0.60 (0.28-1.30)
Other	0.29 (0.04-2.42)
Personal annual income (US dollars1)	1.00 (1.00-1.00)		0.918
Household annual income (US dollars1)	1.00 (1.00-1.00)		0.881
Debt			0.598
No	1.00
Yes	0.81 (0.37-1.78)
Mental illness
Major depressive episode: Current			< 0.001a
No	1.00
Yes	43.62 (8.51-223.65)
ICD10: schizophrenia type			0.638
Paranoid	1.00
Other	1.19 (0.58-2.44)
Duration of schizophrenia (years)	1.00 (0.96-1.05)		0.877
Medication in previous month
Clozapine			0.565
Not received	1.00
Received	1.23 (0.61-2.45)
Risperidone			0.683
Not received	1.00
Received	1.20 (0.51-2.84)
Fluphenazine			0.583
Not received	1.00
Received	0.80 (0.37-1.75)
Chlorpromazine			0.151
Not received	1.00
Received	0.54 (0.24-1.25)
Haloperidol			0.603
Not received	1.00
Received	0.67 (0.14-3.08)
Haloperidol decanoate			0.685
Not received	1.00
Received	1.27 (0.40-4.08)
Trifluoperazine			0.143
Not received	1.00
Received	0.50 (0.20-1.27)
Perphenazine			0.565
Not received	1.00
Received	1.23 (0.61-2.45)
AMA2			0.234
Not received	1.00
Received	0.29 (0.04-2.25)
Clonazepam			0.897
Not received	1.00
Received	0.90 (0.19-4.30)
Lorazepam			0.47
Not received	1.00
Received	1.65 (0.42-6.45)
Diazepam			0.445
Not received	1.00
Received	0.65 (0.21-1.97)
Fluoxetine			< 0.001a
Not received	1.00
Received	26.77 (7.53-95.20)
Sertraline			0.443
Not received	1.00
Received	2.62 (0.22-30.46)
Lithium carbonate			0.01a
Not received	1.00
Received	3.09 (1.31-7.29)
Depakine			0.4
Not received	1.00
Received	1.67 (0.51-5.51)
Artane			0.685
Not received	1.00
Received	0.79 (0.25-2.52)
Score for medication compliance			0.244
Less than 5	1.00
5 or more	1.50 (0.76-2.95)
History of treatment
Electroconvulsive therapy			0.242
No	1.00
Yes	1.52 (0.75-3.06)
Psychotherapy			0.492
No	1.00
Yes	1.51 (0.46-4.94)
Other treatment			0.66
No	1.00
Yes	0.62 (0.07-5.21)
Treatment satisfaction (score)	0.99 (0.83-1.18)		0.911
Other indices
Charlson Comorbidity index (score)	1.10 (0.95-1.26)		0.195
Psychosocial score (score)	0.93 (0.86-1.00)		0.046a
Weapons and toxic chemicals accessibility score (score)	0.98 (0.95-1.02)		0.438

¹One US dollar approximately equals 32 Thai baht.

²AMA is a combined medication: amobarbital 50 mg and chlorpromazine HCl 25 mg.

^aP < 0.05. OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.