Copyright
©The Author(s) 2020.
World J Clin Cases. Oct 6, 2020; 8(19): 4286-4302
Published online Oct 6, 2020. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i19.4286
Published online Oct 6, 2020. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i19.4286
Surrounding materials | Ref. | Brand of main materials (A) | Ingredients for echogenicity (B) | Other ingredients (C) | Ratio or amount (A: B: C) | Target simulator |
Gelatin based | Lo et al[18] | Jell-O gelatin cherry flavor (Kraft Foods, Northfield, IL, United States ) | Sugar-free Metamucil (P and G, Cincinnati, OH, USA) brand psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid fiber | NA | 12:4 tablespoons in 1 L water | Soft tissue abscess |
Wilson et al[53] | ||||||
Chao et al[23] | Unflavored gelatin powder, not mentioned brand name | sugar-free psyllium fiber (Metamucil Sugar Free; P and G) | NA | 40 g: 20 g in 250 mL water | Soft tissue abscess, central vein access, foreign body | |
Seguin and Tessaro[29] | Beef gelatin powder, not mentioned brand name | Orange colored psyllium fiber (Metamucil sugar free; P and G) | NA | 90 mL: 60 mL in 500 mL water | Intubation | |
Merali et al[13] | ||||||
Do and Lee[28] | Gelatin, not mentioned brand name | Agar, no mentioned brand name | NA | 20 g:1 g in 60 mL water | Lung, A-lines, B-lines, pleural effusion | |
Zerth et al[26] | Plain gelatin, not mentioned brand name | NA | Green and red food coloring, surgical iodine solution | 16 oz (473 mL): several drop of coloring agent + 120 mL iodine in 4 quarts (3785 mL) water | Pericardial effusion | |
Cuévas Gonzales[25] | Unflavored gelatin, not mentioned brand name | NA | 70% ethanol | 100 g: 30 mL in 500 mL water | Eye (normal, foreign body, ONS, dislocation of lens, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment) | |
Murphy et al[15] | Unflavored gelatin, not mentioned brand name | sugar-free psyllium powder (e.g., Metamucil Sugar Free Dietary Fiber Supplement; P and G) | NA | Not mentioned gelatin amount, one tablespoon Metamucil in 250 mL water | ONS | |
Soucy et al[27] | Sugar-free gelatin, not mentioned brand name | Metamucil (P and G) | 20 g: 10 g (1 tablespoon) in 250 mL water | Skull fracture | ||
Amato et al[24] | Unflavored gelatin, not mentioned brand name | NA | NA | Vascular access | ||
Cheruparambath et al[22] | Plain gelatin, not mentioned brand name | Coarsely ground finger millet (Eleusine coracana) flour | NA | 15 g: 20 g in 1.2 L water | Vascular access | |
Chao et al[23] | Unflavored gelatin, not mentioned brand name | Sugar-free psyllium fiber (Metamucil Sugar Free; P and G) | NA | 40 g: 20 g in 250 mL water | Vascular access | |
Rathbun et al[39] | unflavored Knox gelatin (Kraft Foods) | Sugar-free psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid fiber (sugar-free Metamucil; P and G) | NA | 4 envelopes of Knox gelatin add 1 tablespoon of Metamucil (2 cups a of cold water) | Nerve block | |
Agar based | Earle et al[32] | Agar, not mentioned brand name | Flour (1 teaspoon) Red dye ethanol | 38 g: 750 mL water (for 5% model) Compare 4 different concentrations (10%, 7.5%, 5%, 2.5% by weight) | Vascular access | |
Nikitichev et al[33] | Agar (A7002; Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO, United States) | NA | NA | 5.5% by weight | Vascular access | |
Ballistics gel based | Morrow et al[35] | 10% ballistic gelatin (Clear Ballistics LLC, Fort Smith, AR, United States) | Not required. Main material provided the sonographic appearance similar to human tissue | Clear gel dye if needed | NA | Soft tissue abscess |
Seguin and Tessaro[29] | ballistic medical gelatin #3 (Clear Ballistics) | psyllium fiber (Metamucil sugar free; P and G), | ballistic gelatin dye (Clear Ballistics) | 250 mL: 5 mL: 45 mL | Intubation | |
Young and Kuntz[38] | Ballistics gel, plastic Halloween skeleton thorax, plastic, manikin dress-form torso | NA | flesh-colored dye | NA | Pericardial effusion | |
Morrow and Broder[34] | 10% ballistic gelatin (Clear Ballistics LLC) | NA | NA | NA | Vascular access | |
Amini et al[36] | Clear ballistic gel, not mentioned brand name | NA | NA | NA | Vascular access | |
Gel and wax based | Campo Dell’orto et al[20] | Gel wax (mixed store, 74532 Ilshofen) | Gel (Sonosid 1 L, Asid Bonz GmbH, 71083 Herrenberg, PZN 5362311) | Silicon skin/Thera-Band (Schmidt Sports PHYSIO TAPE, 42699 Solingen, Art.Nr. 111202) | NA | Pericardial effusion |
Daly et al[37] | Gel wax, flour, plastic artificial rib cage (axial skeleton) | NA | Silicon skin/Thera-Band (Schmidt Sports PHYSIO TAPE, 42699 Solingen, Art.Nr. 111202) | One gallon (4546 mL) gel wax + three tablespoons of flour | Pericardial effusion |
- Citation: Shin KC, Ha YR, Lee SJ, Ahn JH. Review of simulation model for education of point-of-care ultrasound using easy-to-make tools. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8(19): 4286-4302
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v8/i19/4286.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v8.i19.4286