Intravenous leiomyomatosis with different surgical approaches: Three case reports

Figure 1 Representative images of Case 1. A: Computed tomography scan shows a continuous mass arising from the pelvis through the inferior cava vein; B: Echocardiography shows the mass extending into the right ventricle from the right atrium; C: Pathological examination of the tumor showed mass smooth muscle fibers proliferation with interstitial fibers edema, and infiltration of a few lymphocytes; D: The resected tumor during the surgery.

Figure 2 Representative images of Case 2. A: Computed tomography scan shows a continuous mass arising from the left side of the pelvis through the left renal vein and the inferior cava vein; B: Echocardiography shows the mass extending into the right ventricle from the right atrium; C: Pathological examination of the tumor showed concentration of spindle cells with mass hyaline degeneration; D: The resected tumor (displayed from the top to the bottom).

Figure 3 Representative images of Case 3. A: Computed tomography scan shows a continuous mass arising from the pelvis through the inferior cava vein; B: Echocardiography shows the mass in the right cardiac chamber; C: Pathological examination of the tumor showed concentration of smooth muscle cells with local hyaline degeneration; D: The resected tumor (displayed from the top to the bottom).