Case Report
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Feb 26, 2019; 7(4): 473-481
Published online Feb 26, 2019. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i4.473
Primary leiomyosarcoma of the thyroid gland with prior malignancy and radiotherapy: A case report and review of literature
Snezana Vujosevic, Djordjije Krnjevic, Milan Bogojevic, Ljiljana Vuckovic, Aleksandar Filipovic, Duško Dunđerović, Jelena Sopta
Snezana Vujosevic, Djordjije Krnjevic, Endocrinology, Clinical Center of Montenegro, Podgorica 81000, Montenegro
Milan Bogojevic, Internal Medicine Clinic, Clinical Center of Montenegro, Podgorica 81000, Crna Gora, Montenegro
Ljiljana Vuckovic, Institute of Pathology, Clinical Center of Montenegro, Podgorica 81000, Montenegro
Aleksandar Filipovic, Surgery, Clinical Center of Montenegro, Podgorica 81000, Montenegro
Duško Dunđerović, Jelena Sopta, Institute of Pathology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
Author contributions: Vujosevic S, Krnjevic D, and Bogojevic M wrote the manuscript and interpreted data; Vuckovic L, Dunđerović D, and Sopta J carried out pathological and immunohistological tests on the thyroid tissue; Filipovic A performed the operation and worked with the patient; All authors meet the four criteria from the recommendation of the ICMJE and have read and approved the final manuscript.
Informed consent statement: Informed written consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016)
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Milan Bogojevic, MD, Doctor, Internal Medicine Clinic, Clinical Center of Montenegro, St. Jelene Savojske 52, Podgorica 81000, Montenegro. milan.bogojevic@kccg.me.
Telephone: +38-26-9767113
Received: November 27, 2018
Peer-review started: November 28, 2018
First decision: December 15, 2018
Revised: January 4, 2019
Accepted: January 26, 2019
Article in press: January 26, 2019
Published online: February 26, 2019
Core Tip

Core tip: Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of the thyroid gland is a rare tumor with only 28 cases described in the English literature. Etiology of leiomyosarcoma is still unknown. We present a case of LMS in which the patient had a prior malignancy and radiotherapy along with two similar cases previously described. Therefore, we hypothesize that prior malignancy and radiotherapy is a risk factor. Immunohistochemistry plays a crucial role in the diagnosis, and we provided substantial discussion about differential diagnosis of thyroid tumors, alongside with our microscopic findings that provide practical value for the daily practice of pathology.