Xu YY, Huang XB, Wang YG, Zheng LY, Li M, Dai Y, Zhao S. Development of Henoch-Schoenlein purpura in a child with idiopathic hypereosinophilia syndrome with multiple thrombotic onset: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11(4): 952-961 [PMID: 36818609 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i4.952]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Sheng Zhao, MMed, Chief Doctor, Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular, Anhui Province Children's Hospital, Anhui Hospital of Children's Hospital affiliated with Fudan University, No. 39 Wangjiang East Road, Hefei 230051, Anhui Province, China. 382877830@qq.com
Research Domain of This Article
Immunology
Article-Type of This Article
Case Report
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Yan-Yan Xu, Xiao-Bi Huang, Yun-Gong Wang, Li-Yun Zheng, Sheng Zhao, Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular, Anhui Province Children's Hospital, Anhui Hospital of Children's Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University, Hefei 230051, Anhui Province, China
Min Li, Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Anhui Province Children's Hospital, Anhui Hospital of Children's Hospital affiliated with Fudan University, Hefei 230051, Anhui Province, China
Yu Dai, Department of Pediatrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
Author contributions: Xu YY contributed to manuscript writing and editing and data collection; Wang YG, Zheng LY, Li M, and Dai Y contributed to data analysis; Huang XB and Zhao S contributed to conceptualization and supervision; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Informed consent statement: Informed written consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest to disclose.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Sheng Zhao, MMed, Chief Doctor, Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular, Anhui Province Children's Hospital, Anhui Hospital of Children's Hospital affiliated with Fudan University, No. 39 Wangjiang East Road, Hefei 230051, Anhui Province, China. 382877830@qq.com
Received: November 16, 2022 Peer-review started: November 16, 2022 First decision: November 25, 2022 Revised: December 11, 2022 Accepted: January 9, 2023 Article in press: January 9, 2023 Published online: February 6, 2023
Core Tip
Core Tip: Pulmonary embolism (PE) in children usually occurs in the presence of an underlying condition, systemic disease, or other risk factors. Idiopathic PE accounts for less than 4% of these. The child has no risk factors for thrombosis other than obesity at the first hospitalization. A month later, he developed a purpuric rash on both legs, and pain in his ankles consistent with Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) was accompanied by severe eosinophilia and motor and sensory impairments. Persistent eosinophilia in peripheral blood can lead to tissue infiltration and even organ damage. If end-organ damage occurs, hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) can be diagnosed immediately. According to monist principles, patients are diagnosed with idiopathic HES with multiple embolisms complicated by HSP. After glucocorticoids, eosinophils quickly return to normal, neurological symptoms gradually improve, and the rash disappears. Eosinophils are only mildly elevated in PE, making clinical diagnosis more difficult.
