Published online Nov 16, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i32.11942
Peer-review started: July 3, 2022
First decision: August 21, 2022
Revised: September 2, 2022
Accepted: October 11, 2022
Article in press: October 11, 2022
Published online: November 16, 2022
Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with sarcomatoid differentiation of the kidney was rarely reported. This disease is usually related to renal stones, and due to a lack of symptoms and radiological features, patients usually attend the hospital with late stage disease.
A 54-years-old female presented with left flank pain and an abdominal mass for 6 mo. Imaging studies revealed that the left kidney was enlarged and massive hydronephrosis was present. A stone was seen in the ureteropelvic junction. The patient subsequently underwent left radical nephrectomy, and histopathological examination of the mass revealed a poorly differentiated renal SCC with sarcomatoid differentiation. After primary surgery, the patient received four cycles of tirelizumab. Four months later, the patient developed adrenal, lymph, and uterine appendage metastases.
SCC of the kidney has a poor prognosis, and should be considered in patients with a renal mass, long-standing urinary calculi and massive hydronephrosis.
Core Tip: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with sarcomatoid differentiation is extremely rare and has a poor prognosis. The presence of SCC should be considered when a renal mass is found in a patient with long-term stones and hydronephrosis. Early surgical treatment may be beneficial.