Neural correlates of aggression in schizophrenia: An event-related potential study using the competitive reaction time task

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants

Variable	HCs (n = 42)	SCZ (n = 40)	t/χ2	P value
Age, years	34.5 ± 8.0	35.8 ± 9.6	1.373	0.245
Education, years	13.4 ± 2.4	12.4 ± 2.5	1.735	0.087
Handedness, right/middle/left	17/14/11	16/14/10	0.029	0.986
Sex, male/female	15/27	16/24	0.160	0.689
BIS-11 score	65.93 ± 8.23	84.45 ± 11.02	-8.650	< 0.001
RPQ proactive score	0.83 ± 0.82	2.48 ± 2.40	-4.108	< 0.001
RPQ reactive score	3.67 ± 1.92	7.60 ± 2.34	-8.366	< 0.001
RPQ total score	4.57 ± 2.17	10.07 ± 3.83	-8.050	< 0.001
PANSS total score	NA	87.35 ± 12.22	NA	NA
PANSS positive score	NA	29.87 ± 5.15	NA	NA
PANSS negative score	NA	22.35 ± 6.44	NA	NA
PANSS general score	NA	35.17 ± 5.75	NA	NA
MOAS score	NA	7.89 ± 1.77	NA	NA
BPAQ score	34.76 ± 7.89	NA	NA	NA

SCZ: Schizophrenia; HC: Healthy control; PANSS: Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; BIS-11: Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11; RPQ: Reactive Proactive Aggression Questionnaire; MOAS: Modified Overt Aggression Scale; BPAQ: Buss-Perry Questionnaire; NA: Not available.