Early diagnosis of bipolar disorder

Figure 1 Expression of mood states in different subtypes of bipolar disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision. The symptoms of mania include elevated, expansive, or irritable mood, grandiosity, inflated self-esteem, racing thoughts, decreased need for sleep, increased talkativeness, increased sexuality, and distraction. The symptoms of depression include low mood, loss of interest and motivation, sadness, low self-esteem, feelings of guilt, concentration difficulties, sleep difficulties, loss of appetite, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation.