Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2017.
World J Orthop. Jan 18, 2017; 8(1): 68-76
Published online Jan 18, 2017. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v8.i1.68
Table 1 Patient demographic and descriptive data
Mean (± SD)n (%)
Age (yr)13.6 (0.6)
Sex
Males4 (13)
Females27 (87)
Primary curve Cobbs angle (degrees)25 (12)
Scoliosis type (Lenke classification)
Main thoracic (1AN)22 (71)
Thoracolumbar/lumbar (5CN)9 (29)
Table 2 Summary of trunk measurements in 3 anatomical planes
Examiner A
Examiner B
MeannSDRangeMinMaxMeannSDRangeMinMax
Cervical lordosis (cm)2.5310.83143.0310.8426
Thoracic kyphosis (cm)3.7311.771.28.23.7311.77.40.68
Lumbar lordosis (cm)3.0311.04.20.64.83.5311.03.81.45.2
Pelvic tilt (degrees)1.8291.97.507.53.3292.510010
Shoulder tilt (degrees)1.2301.45051.3301.77.5-2.55
ATR Scoliometer (degrees)10.2316.127.5027.510.5316.127.5027.5
ATR Baseline Level/Scoliosis meter (degrees)10.9315.824.5327.510.3315.623.8023.8
Table 3 Inter-examiner reliability of the Baseline® Body Level/Scoliosis meter measurements
MeasuresICC2,195%CI for ICCMean difference95%CI for mean differenceSEMSRD95% SRD
Cervical Lordosis (cm)0.510.02-0.76-0.53-0.84-0.210.822.28-2.81-1.76
Thoracic Kyphosis (cm)0.940.87-0.970.013-0.29-0.311.664.60-4.47-4.47
Lumbar Lordosis (cm)0.790.47-0.91-0.44-0.71-0.170.992.74-3.18-2.3
ATR Scoliometer (degrees)0.940.88-0.97-0.35-1.39-0.706.0716.81-17.16-16.47
ATR Baseline Level/Scoliosis meter (degrees)0.920.84-0.960.60-0.51-1.725.6715.72-15.12-16.33
Shoulder tilt (degrees)-0.30-1.86-0.39-0.17-1.05-0.711.564.33-4.49-4.49
Pelvic tilt (degrees)-0.41-0.89-0.47-1.47-0.267-0.262.326.42-7.89-4.96
Table 4 Intra-examiner reliability of the Baseline® Body Level/Scoliosis meter and Orthopaedic Systems Inc. Scoliometer measurements
MeasuresExaminerICC3,395%CI for ICCMean difference95%CI for mean differenceSEMSRD95% SRD
ATR Scoliometer (degrees)A0.990.99-1.00A1001.353.74-3.74-3.74
A2-0.24-3.00-3.051.353.75-4.00-3.51
A3-0.322.52-2.401.333.70-3.37-3.37
B0.980.97-1.00B1001.393.90-3.87-3.87
B2-0.23-3.08-2.661.43.87-3.65-3.65
B30.342.63-3.341.474.07-3.73-4.41
ATR baseline level scoliosis meter (degrees)A1.001.00-1.00A1001.373.79-3.38-0.38
A2-0.32-3.03-3.071.474.07-4.04-4.04
A3-0.052.971.484.09-4.14-4.14
B0.980.96-0.99B1001.233.40-3.40-3.40
B20.52-2.24-2.541.353.75-2.88-3.91
B30.533.28-3.601.504.17-3.63-4.70
Table 5 Spearman's bivariate correlations (n = 31) of Baseline® Body Level/Scoliosis meter compared to gold standard Cobb angles from radiographs, and compared to Orthopaedic Systems Inc. Scoliometer
Baseline Level/Scoliosis meterCobb angle (degrees)
Cervical lordosis (cm)-0.22
Thoracic kyphosis (cm)-0.32
Lumbar lordosis (cm)-0.03
ATR (degrees)0.63
Pelvic tilt (degrees)0.13
Shoulder tilt (degrees)-0.00
ATR Scoliometer (degrees)0.58
Baseline Level/Scoliosis meter ATR (degrees)0.77