Donor safety and remnant liver volume in living donor liver transplantation

Table 1 Characteristics of the study group and volumetric data

Characteristics	Patients			P value
	Group 1 (RLV < 35%)	Group 2 (40% > RLV > 35%)	Group 3 (RLV > 40%)	P1	P2	P3
	n = 14	n = 20	n = 117
Demographic and intraoperative data
Gender (M/F), 90/61	10/4	12/8	62/46	0.717	1.000	0.395
Age (yr)	37.1 ± 8.7	41.0 ± 12.7	38.0 ± 9.8	0.337	0.156	0.431
Weight (kg)	64.3 ± 11.4	61.7 ± 8.4	63.6 ± 11.8	0.463	0.500	0.844
Height (cm)	164.9 ± 12.3	163.3 ± 9.1	164.5 ± 13.1	0.664	0.679	0.925
Operation time (min)	389.9 ± 87.2	373.4 ± 60.5	363.7 ± 71.9	0.581	0.472	0.765
EBL (mL)	602.8 ± 73.1	582.9 ± 81.6	531.3 ± 50.7	0.740	0.583	0.341
Preoperative laboratory data
ALT (IU/L)	28.2 ± 16.6	29.8 ± 15.7	27.8 ± 20.9	0.784	0.683	0.937
AST (IU/L)	28.9 ± 17.4	25.6 ± 9.9	23.3 ± 11.1	0.496	0.389	0.105
TBIL (mg/dL)	12.7 ± 3.8	13.9 ± 6.1	15.2 ± 7.0	0.529	0.413	0.189
Hemoglobin (g/L)	147.1 ± 13.2	142.4 ± 17.2	141.5 ± 16.9	0.392	0.822	0.229
Volumetric data of Chengdu standard liver volume formula (mL)
Whole liver volume of formula	1072.88 ± 131.06	1043.84 ± 97.11	1065.33 ± 136.02	0.463	0.500
Graft volume	745.00 ± 100.22	653.80 ± 56.55	534.83 ± 89.26	0.006	0.000
Remnant liver volume of formula	327.88 ± 61.83	390.04 ± 48.46	530.50 ± 125.83	0.002	0.000
Remnant volume/whole volume of Chengdu formula(%)	30.56 ± 4.17	37.31 ± 2.06	49.63 ± 7.33	0.000	0.000

P1: Group 1 vs group 2; P2: Group 2 vs group 3; P3: Group 1 vs group 3. RLV: Remnant liver volume; EBL: Estimated blood loss; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; TBIL: Total bilirubin.

Table 2 Complications of the 50 donors classified according the modified Clavien system

Grades, n (%)	Complications	n
Grade 1, 28 (18.5)	Transient bile leak treated conservatively	7
	Superficial wound infection treated without antibiotics	2
	Postoperative voice change	3
	Mild pleural effusion treated conservatively	2
	Mild subphrenic effusion treated conservatively	5
	Hyperbilirubinemia > 1.3 mg/dL 7 d after operation	9
Grade 2, 9 (6.0)	Intra-abdominal bleeding requiring blood transfusion	1
	Bile leak not requiring ERCP or surgical intervention	3
	Dyspepsia	1
	Chyle leak	1
	Wound infection requiring antibiotics	1
	Pneumonia requiring antibiotics	2
Grade 3a, 8 (5.3)	Bile leak needing ERCP	3
	Pleural effusion requiring thoracic cavity puncture	2
	Pleural effusion requiring thoracic drainage	1
	Subphrenic infection requiring abdominal cavity puncture	1
	Chylothorax requiring thoracic cavity puncture	1
Grade 3b, 5 (3.3)	Portal vein thrombosis requiring re-laparotomy	1
	Biliary stricture requiring ERCP with stent placement	2
	Abdominal hematoma requiring intervention	1
	Intra-abdominal bleeding requiring re-laparotomy	1
Grade 4a		0
Grade 4b		0
Grade 5		0

ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

Table 3 Postoperative complications of donors

Complications	Grades					P value
	No complications (n = 101)	Grade 1 (n = 28)	Grade 2 (n = 9)	Grade 3a (n = 8)	Grade 3b (n = 5)
Group 1 (RLV < 35%), n = 14	3	5	3	2	1	0.000
Group 2 (40% > RLV > 35%), n = 20	10	4	3	1
Group 3 (RLV > 40%), n = 117	88	19	3	5	2

RLV: Remnant liver volume.