Brief Article
Copyright ©2013 Baishideng Publishing Group Co., Limited. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Dec 14, 2013; 19(46): 8678-8686
Published online Dec 14, 2013. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i46.8678
Alanine aminotransferase normalization at week 8 predicts viral response during hepatitis C treatment
Umit Bilge Dogan, Mustafa Salih Akin, Serkan Yalaki
Umit Bilge Dogan, Mustafa Salih Akin, Serkan Yalaki, Departments of Gastroenterology, Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital, 01140 Adana, Turkey
Author contributions: Dogan UB designed the research and wrote the paper; Dogan UB, Akin MS and Yalaki S performed the research and analyzed the data.
Correspondence to: Umit Bilge Dogan, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital, Ege Bagtur Street, Yuregir, 01140 Adana, Turkey. ubdogan@hotmail.com
Telephone: +90-532-2280351 Fax: +90-322-2279578
Received: August 13, 2013
Revised: September 21, 2013
Accepted: September 29, 2013
Published online: December 14, 2013
Abstract

AIM: To investigate alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and sustained virological response (SVR) in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) during peginterferon-ribavirin treatment.

METHODS: One hundred and fifty-one genotype 1 CHC patients underwent treatment for 48 wk with peginterferon and ribavirin, and were retrospectively divided into two groups as having a rapid virological response (RVR) (Group 1, n = 52) and not having an RVR (Group 2, n = 99). We also subdivided each group into two according to the initial ALT level being high (Group 1h and Group 2h) or normal (Group 1n and Group 2n). HCV RNA and ALT levels were measured at baseline; at 4, 12, 24 and 48 wk during the treatment period; and at 24 wk follow-up. ALT levels were also obtained at 8 wk. According to the results of ALT, patients were enrolled in either the follow-up abnormal or follow-up normalized ALT groups at each interval. Patients with high and normal ALT levels were compared for each interval in terms of SVR.

RESULTS: The SVR rates were 83% vs 40% (P = 0.000), 82% vs 84% (P = 0.830), and 37% vs 44% (P = 0.466) when comparing Group 1 with 2, 1h with 1n, and 2h with 2n, respectively. In Group 2h, the SVR rates were 34% vs 40% (P = 0.701), 11% vs 52% (P = 0.004), 12% vs 50% (P = 0.007), 7% vs 50% (P = 0.003), 6% vs 53% (P = 0.001), and 0% vs 64% (P = 0.000) when comparing patients with high and normalized ALT levels at week 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 72, respectively. The multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that RVR (OR = 7.05; 95%CI: 3.1-16.05, P = 0.000), complete early virological response (cEVR) (OR = 17.55; 95%CI: 6.32-48.76, P = 0.000), normalization of ALT at 8 wk (OR = 3.04; 95%CI: 1.31-7.06, P = 0.008), and at 12 wk (OR = 4.21; 95%CI: 1.65-10.76, P = 0.002) were identified as independent significant predictive factors for SVR.

CONCLUSION: Normalization of ALT at 8 wk may predict viral response during peginterferon-ribavirin treatment in genotype-1 CHC patients especially without RVR.

Keywords: Chronic hepatitis C, Genotype-1, Alanine aminotransferase, Rapid virological response, Sustained virological response, Interferon, Ribavirin

Core tip: Rapid virological response (RVR) has been acknowledged as a powerful on-treatment predictor of sustained virological response (SVR) in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C (CHC). However, RVR rates are relatively low and a new predictor is needed for CHC patients; especially those without RVR. In this context, on-treatment alanine aminotransferase (ALT) changes may be a new predictor for SVR. In this study, we found that ALT normalization at the 8 wk may be an important on-treatment predictor for CHC.