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Artif Intell Cancer. Sep 8, 2026; 7(1): 116464
Published online Sep 8, 2026. doi: 10.35713/aic.v7.i1.116464
Published online Sep 8, 2026. doi: 10.35713/aic.v7.i1.116464
Prognostic value of early changes in artificial intelligence-based computed tomography-measured body composition in pediatric osteosarcoma receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Yu-Han Yang, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 6100041, Sichuan Province, China
Yuan Li, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Laboratory of Digestive Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 6100000, Sichuan Province, China
Author contributions: Yang YH and Li Y contributed to study conception and design; Yang YH contributed to data acquisition, analysis and interpretation, and manuscript draft; Li Y critical revised the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: This retrospective study involving human participants was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Boards of the participating institutions. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committees and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
Informed consent statement: Patients were not required to give informed consent to the study because the analysis used anonymous clinical data that were obtained after each patient agreed to treatment by written consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement-checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement-checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: De-identified individual participant data that underlie the results reported in this article are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Data sharing is subject to approval by the relevant institutional review boards and execution of a data-use agreement to ensure protection of patient privacy and compliance with applicable regulations. Due to institutional policies and patient privacy considerations, raw imaging data or any data containing potentially identifying information will not be publicly released.
Corresponding author: Yuan Li, MD, Professor, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Laboratory of Digestive Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu 6100000, Sichuan Province, China. l13258389785@126.com
Received: November 12, 2025
Revised: December 4, 2025
Accepted: February 2, 2026
Published online: September 8, 2026
Processing time: 294 Days and 17.9 Hours
Revised: December 4, 2025
Accepted: February 2, 2026
Published online: September 8, 2026
Processing time: 294 Days and 17.9 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Using artificial intelligence based automated computed tomography analysis of the third lumbar vertebra body composition in 133 pediatric osteosarcoma patients, early reductions in skeletal muscle density during neoadjuvant chemotherapy were independently associated with poor histologic response and shorter overall survival. An integrated index combining age, postchemotherapy inflammatory indicator and change of skeletal muscle density improved prediction of treatment response and prognosis, suggesting that early computed tomography-derived muscle metrics can guide timely nutritional and rehabilitative interventions to potentially improve outcomes.