Perioperative topical ascorbic acid for the prevention of phacoemulsification-related corneal endothelial damage: Two case reports and review of literature

Table 1 Comparison of different modifications of cataract surgery in patients with low endothelial count

	Hayashi 2011	Yamazoe 2011	Lee 2019
Technique to preserve EC	Soft shell technique	Soft shell technique	Perioperative AA
Case number	50	61	2
Mean age (yr)	68.9	72.3	45.5
Gender (M to F, %)	24 to 76	23 to 77	100 to 0
Leading etiology (%)	PACG (38)	FCED (33)	FCED and CMV endotheliitis (50)
Mean preOP ECD	805.0	692.9	1206.5
Energy (mJ)	27.3 ± 10.1	NA	30.4
Time (Sec)	57.5 ± 28.3	NA	72.8
Mean EC loss (%)	5.1	11.5	6.1

EC: Endothelial cells; AA: Ascorbic acid; M: Male; F: Female; PACG: Primary angle closure glaucoma; FCED: Fuchs corneal endothelial dystrophy; CMV: Cytomegalovirus; preOP: Preoperative; ECD: Endothelial cell density.