Ureteral double J stent displaced into vena cava and management with laparoscopy: A case report and review of the literature

Figure 1 Plain kidney, ureter, and bladder X-ray showing the improperly positioned left ureteral stent.

Figure 2 Computed tomography reconstruction of the abdomen confirmed the left ureteral stent in the inferior vena cava.

Figure 3 Surgical video screen capture demonstrating the corresponding anatomy.