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World J Clin Cases. Jan 16, 2015; 3(1): 52-57
Published online Jan 16, 2015. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v3.i1.52
Implant biomaterials: A comprehensive review
Monika Saini, Yashpal Singh, Pooja Arora, Vipin Arora, Krati Jain
Monika Saini, Yashpal Singh, Department of Oral and Maxi-llofacial Rehabiliatation, Al Qaseem Pvt. Colleges, Buraydah, Qassim 51431, Saudi Arabia
Pooja Arora, Krati Jain, Department of Prosthodontics, Subharati Dental College, Meerut 250003, India
Vipin Arora, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Subharati Dental College, Meerut 250003, India
Author contributions: Singh Y designed research; Saini M, Singh Y, Arora P and Jain K performed research; Arora V contributed new reagents or analytic tools; Singh Y and Arora V analyzed data; Saini M, Arora P and Jain K wrote the paper.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Dr. Yashpal Singh, Associate Professor and Head of Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabiliatation, Al Qaseem Pvt. Colleges, P.O. box No. 156, Buraydah, Qassim 51431, Saudi Arabia. dryashpal.singh@gmail.com
Telephone: +966-53-8921650 Fax: +966-53-6326066
Received: July 23, 2014
Peer-review started: July 25, 2014
First decision: September 16, 2014
Revised: September 29, 2014
Accepted: November 17, 2014
Article in press: December 23, 2014
Published online: January 16, 2015
Processing time: 174 Days and 21.5 Hours
Abstract

Appropriate selection of the implant biomaterial is a key factor for long term success of implants. The biologic environment does not accept completely any material so to optimize biologic performance, implants should be selected to reduce the negative biologic response while maintaining adequate function. Every clinician should always gain a thorough knowledge about the different biomaterials used for the dental implants. This article makes an effort to summarize various dental bio-materials which were used in the past and as well as the latest material used now.

Keywords: Biomaterials; Zirconium; Surface roughness; Ceramic; Corrosion

Core tip: This article makes an effort to review and summarize all the biomaterials used for dental implants. Materials in this article are discussed according to the era in which they were used. This review also covers the pros and cons related to these materials. Recent trends in the field of dental implants biomaterials and why these materials are superior over the previous ones. The content of the article are clinically significant and will prove to be helpful for readers to make decision while choosing implant system.