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World J Psychiatry. Sep 19, 2026; 16(9): 119902
Published online Sep 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.119902
Published online Sep 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.119902
Sleep disturbance and inflammatory markers associated with post-stroke depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment
Zhen-Guo Zhao, Cheng Qian, Zhi-Yun Xu, Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second People’s Hospital of Nantong, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
Hai-Jiao Zhu, Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Nantong, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
Co-first authors: Zhen-Guo Zhao and Cheng Qian.
Author contributions: Zhao ZG and Qian C contributed to conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, investigation, and writing the original draft; Zhu HJ was responsible for data curation, validation, and visualization; Xu ZY supervised the project, revised the manuscript, and administered the project. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. Zhao ZG and Qian C contributed equally to this work as co-first authors.
AI contribution statement: No AI tool was involved.
Supported by Scientific Research Project of Nantong Municipal Health Commission, No. MSZ2025049; and Nantong Social and Livelihood Science and Technology Program, No. MSZ2024093.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of The Second People’s Hospital of Nantong.
Informed consent statement: The Institutional Review Board waived the requirement for informed consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest related to this article.
Data sharing statement: The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Corresponding author: Zhi-Yun Xu, Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second People’s Hospital of Nantong, No. 298 Xinhua Road, Chongchuan District, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China. xuzhiyun1059@163.com
Received: April 10, 2026
Revised: May 11, 2026
Accepted: May 26, 2026
Published online: September 19, 2026
Processing time: 135 Days and 21.8 Hours
Revised: May 11, 2026
Accepted: May 26, 2026
Published online: September 19, 2026
Processing time: 135 Days and 21.8 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: This study systematically examined effects of sleep disturbance and inflammatory burden in the acute phase on post-stroke depression, anxiety and cognitive impairment. Sleep disturbance and inflammatory burden were both found to be independent risk factors for neuropsychiatric-cognitive adverse post-stroke outcomes. A combined assessment model further enhanced the discriminative performance and provided a scientific basis for early identification of high-risk patients and personalized intervention strategy.