Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Psychiatry. Nov 19, 2026; 16(11): 124037
Published online Nov 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.124037
Published online Nov 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.124037
Association between systemic immune-inflammation index and symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Xiao-Yu Pan, Yi-Kun Wang, Ya-Qin Ding, Nuo-Jin Wang, Tian-Rong Pan, Xing Zhong, Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui Province, China
Co-first authors: Xiao-Yu Pan and Yi-Kun Wang.
Author contributions: Pan XY, Wang YK, Ding YQ, Wang NJ, and Pan TR designed the research, performed data curation and formal analysis, developed the methodology, managed resources, and utilized software; Pan XY, Wang YK, and Ding YQ also wrote the original draft of the manuscript; Zhong X reviewed and edited the manuscript to ensure its scientific rigor and clarity and provided critical input in refining the final draft; Pan XY and Wang YK contributed equally as co-first authors. All authors approved the final version for publication.
AI contribution statement: The authors take full responsibility and accountability for all content of this manuscript, including any portions for which AI tools were used as assistive technologies. All AI-assisted outputs were carefully reviewed, validated, and approved by the authors. AI tools were not used to generate original scientific data, perform independent scientific analyses, or draw scientific conclusions.
Supported by the Health Research Program of Anhui, No. AHWJ2023BAc10010; the Clinical and Translational Research Project of Anhui Province, No. 202427b10020055; and the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 32571507.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. YX2024-210.
Informed consent statement: Written informed consent for publication was obtained from all patients included in this study and/or their families.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement-checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement-checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: The data sets generated and analyzed during this study are not publicly available but can be provided by the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Corresponding author: Xing Zhong, Professor, Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Economic and Tech
Received: June 4, 2026
Revised: July 13, 2026
Accepted: August 28, 2026
Published online: November 19, 2026
Processing time: 147 Days and 11.2 Hours
Revised: July 13, 2026
Accepted: August 28, 2026
Published online: November 19, 2026
Processing time: 147 Days and 11.2 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Chronic inflammation is implicated in the psychological comorbidities of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This cross-sectional study enrolling 402 hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus reveals that an elevated systemic immune-inflammation index is independently associated with a higher prevalence of elevated depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and their comorbidity, presenting a significant nonlinear dose-response pattern. The systemic immune-inflammation index may act as an auxiliary inflammatory biomarker for psychological symptom stratification in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.