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World J Psychiatry. Nov 19, 2026; 16(11): 123546
Published online Nov 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.123546
Published online Nov 19, 2026. doi: 10.5498/wjp.123546
Systemic immune-inflammation index and postoperative anxiety after transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy
Li-Shan Zeng, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Putian City, Putian 351100, Fujian Province, China
Qing Yang, Department of Orthopedics, West China Fourth Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
Gang Yang, Department of Orthopedics I, Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
Co-first authors: Li-Shan Zeng and Qing Yang.
Author contributions: Zeng LS conducted the study design, data collection, and analysis; Yang Q assisted with data analysis and manuscript writing; Yang G supervised the study, provided critical revisions, and finalized the manuscript. All authors approved the final manuscript for submission. Zeng LS and Yang Q contributed equally to this work.
AI contribution statement: This manuscript was personally written, revised, and approved by us without the use of artificial intelligence tools. All authors take full responsibility for the accuracy and scientific rigor of this manuscript.
Supported by Hebei Province 2026 Chinese Medicine Scientific Research Project Plan Project, No. 2026245.
Institutional review board statement: This study has been reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. HBZY2025-KY-104-01.
Informed consent statement: Due to the retrospective nature of the study, the committee approved the waiver of the informed consent form.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: No available data.
Corresponding author: Gang Yang, Department of Orthopedics I, Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 389 Zhongshan East Road, Chang’an District, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China. yg1573110@126.com
Received: June 18, 2026
Revised: July 15, 2026
Accepted: August 18, 2026
Published online: November 19, 2026
Processing time: 132 Days and 22.1 Hours
Revised: July 15, 2026
Accepted: August 18, 2026
Published online: November 19, 2026
Processing time: 132 Days and 22.1 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: This study found that increased levels of the systemic immune-inflammation index, interleukin-6, and C reactive protein following surgery are potential independent markers associated with the development of anxiety following a surgical procedure in patients undergoing transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy. Assessing these combined inflammatory markers can serve as a risk stratification methodology to identify target patients who may develop anxiety following surgery. The results of this study support the growing focus on inflammation as a potential influence on the psychological aspect of recovery from spinal surgery.