Potential clinical benefits of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics for depression via the microbiota-gut-brain axis

doi:10.5498/wjp.v15.i5.98436

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Psychiatry. May 19, 2025; 15(5): 98436
Published online May 19, 2025. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i5.98436

Potential clinical benefits of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics for depression via the microbiota-gut-brain axis

Ling-Yi Dai, Ru-Ru Chen, Hao-Ran Chen, Jia-Hui Yin, Zhen-Xing Huang, Bo-Wen Yin, Xing-Yan Liu

Ling-Yi Dai, Ru-Ru Chen, Hao-Ran Chen, Jia-Hui Yin, Zhen-Xing Huang, Bo-Wen Yin, Xing-Yan Liu, Department of General Psychiatry, Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China

Co-first authors: Ling-Yi Dai and Ru-Ru Chen.

Author contributions: Dai LY and Chen RR contribute equally to this study as co-first authors; Dai LY and Chen RR acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data, drafting the article, final approval; Chen HR acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data, drafting the article, final approval; Yin JH interpretation of data, revising the article, final approval; Yin BW interpretation of data, revising the article, final approval; Liu XY conception and design of the study, critical revision, final approval.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors deny any conflict of interest.

PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.

Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Corresponding author: Xing-Yan Liu, BMed, Professor, Department of General Psychiatry, Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, No. 158 Xueshiqian Road, Panqiao Street, Ouhai District, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China. 13645771028@163.com

Received: August 20, 2024
Revised: February 6, 2025
Accepted: April 7, 2025
Published online: May 19, 2025
Processing time: 252 Days and 23.8 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: The present study evaluated the effect of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics (PPSP)-based treatment on depressive symptoms by analyzing data from 14 studies comprising 906 participants. Results indicated that PPSP could significantly improve symptoms in patients with depression compared with placebo, while subgroup analysis confirmed the apparent effects of probiotics and synbiotics in improving depressive symptoms. Larger randomized controlled trials, nevertheless, are required to further explore the benefits of PPSP in treating depression.