Prospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Crit Care Med. Sep 9, 2025; 14(3): 105428
Published online Sep 9, 2025. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v14.i3.105428
Acute liver failure etiology, clinical manifestation and outcomes in adults: Experience of tertiary care hospital in Karachi
Nazish Butt, Sabir Ali, Hanisha Khemani, Khalid Mumtaz
Nazish Butt, Sabir Ali, Hanisha Khemani, Department of Gastroenterology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi 05444, Pakistan
Khalid Mumtaz, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
Author contributions: Butt N contributed to the conception and design of work; Ali S contributed to the acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; Khemani H drafted the work and Mumtaz K final approved of the version and agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
Institutional review board statement: The study was approved by Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre (No: F.2-81/2019-GENIL/35813/JPMC).
Clinical trial registration statement: As it does not involve an interventional trial, clinical trial registration is not required.
Informed consent statement: Consent was taken from the subjects before collecting the data from them.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
CONSORT 2010 statement: The authors have read the CONSORT 2010 Statement, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CONSORT 2010 Statement.
Data sharing statement: The data supporting the findings of this study will be made available upon reasonable request from the corresponding author.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Nazish Butt, Associate Professor, Department of Gastroenterology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Rafiqui, Sarwar Shaheed Rd, Karachi Cantonment, Karachi 05444, Pakistan. dr.nazishbutt@gmail.com
Received: January 22, 2025
Revised: March 15, 2025
Accepted: April 1, 2025
Published online: September 9, 2025
Processing time: 178 Days and 6.1 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: This study investigates the etiological factors, clinical manifestations, and outcomes of acute liver failure in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Hepatitis E virus was the predominant cause, particularly in pregnant women, with high associated mortality. Jaundice, hepatic encephalopathy, sepsis, and fatigue were significant predictors of poor prognosis. Limited liver transplant facilities contribute to increased mortality, highlighting the urgent need for early referral, risk factor management, and improved supportive care to enhance patient survival.