Content of blood cell components, inflammatory cytokines and growth factors in autologous platelet-rich plasma obtained by various methods

Table 1 The main characteristics of the platelet-rich plasma protocols used in the study

	Arthrex ACP	Mini GPS III	Xerthra	Dr. PRP
Amount of blood collected	13.5 mL	27 mL	13.5 mL	18 mL
Final amount of PRP	4 mL	3 mL	1.5 mL	3 mL
Drawn blood/obtained PRP	3.38:1	9:1	9:1	6:1
Anticoagulant type	ACD-A	ACD-A	3.13% SOD CITR	3.13% SOD CITR
Anticoagulant amount	1.5 mL	3 mL	1.5 mL	2 mL
Number of spins	1	1	1	1
RPM	1500	3200	3500	3100
Centrifugation time	5’	15’	5’	4’
Removal of PPP	no	yes	yes	yes
Expected WBC content	low	high, 5x	low	low
Expected PLT concentration	2-3 x	9.3 x	2-13 x	4-5 x
Dedicated centrifuge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Activation method	In vivo	In vivo	In vivo	In vivo
Type of PRP	Conditioned Plasma	LR-PRP	LP-PRP	LP-PRP

ACD-A: Anticoagulant citrate dextrose solution A; LR-PRP: Leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma; LP-PRP: Leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma; PPP: Platelet-poor plasma; RPM: Revolutions per minute; SOD CITR: Sodium citrate.

Table 2 Whole blood count with differential leukocyte of all participants

Differential leukocyte	Blood count
RBC (1012/L)	4.97 ± 0.43
PLT (109/L)	240.67 ± 49.85
WBC (109/L)	6.49 ± 1.49
Neutrophils (109/L)	3.79 ± 1.29
Lymphocytes (109/L)	2.08 ± 0.45
Monocytes (109/L)	0.45 ± 0.13
Eosinophils (109/L)	0.14 ± 0.08
Basophils (109/L)	0.04 ± 0.01

RBC: Red blood cells; PLT: Platelets; WBC: White blood cells.

Table 3 Concentrations of blood cell components in platelet-rich plasma samples

	Arthrex ACP	Mini GPS III	Xerthra	Dr. PRP
PLT (109/L)	357.33 ± 99.01	1212.67 ± 268.63	455.27 ± 362.92	499.75 ± 153.46
WBC (109/L)	0.87 ± 1.01	34.19 ± 11.18	1.80 ± 2.55	0.60 ± 0.87
Neutrophils (109/L)	0.87 ± 1.01	16.71 ± 9.89	1.80 ± 2.55	0.60 ± 0.87
RBC (1012/L)	0.05 ± 0.08	1.49 ± 0.86	0.02 ± 0.02	0.01 ± 0.01
xPLT	1.47 ± 0.18	5.05 ± 0.67	1.96 ± 1.71	2.14 ± 0.73
xWBC	0.14 ± 0.17	5.27 ± 1.41	0.29 ± 0.4	0.10 ± 0.16
xRBC	0.01 ± 0.02	0.30 ± 0.17	0.00	0.00

PLT: Platelets; WBC: White blood cells; RBC: Red blood cells; ACP: Autologous Conditioned Plasma; PRP: Platelet-rich plasma.

Table 4 The coefficient of variation in the concentration of blood cell components for different platelet-rich plasma preparation systems

	WBC	RBC	PLT
Arthrex ACP [%]	114.80	175.69	12.18
Mini GPS III [%]	26.79	56.83	13.25
Xerthra [%]	149.38	133.98	95.95
Dr. PRP [%]	151.45	95.10	34.05

ACP: Autologous Conditioned Plasma; WBC: White blood cells; RBC: Red blood cells; PLT: Platelets; PRP: Platelet-rich plasma.