Systematic Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Orthop. Mar 18, 2019; 10(3): 166-175
Published online Mar 18, 2019. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v10.i3.166
Changing trends in the mortality rate at 1-year post hip fracture - a systematic review
Colum Downey, Martin Kelly, John F Quinlan
Colum Downey, Martin Kelly, John F Quinlan, Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin 01, Ireland
Author contributions: Downey C, Kelly M and Quinlan JF contributed equally to this work. Downey C and Quinlan JF designed research. Downey C, Kelly M performed research. Downey C wrote the paper.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Colum Downey, BSc, MBBS, MSc, Doctor, Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin 01, Ireland. columdowney@rcsi.ie
Telephone: +353-1-4144090 Fax: +353-1-4144779
Received: October 10, 2018
Peer-review started: October 10, 2018
First decision: October 25, 2018
Revised: January 1, 2019
Accepted: February 27, 2019
Article in press: February 27, 2019
Published online: March 18, 2019
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Traditionally, the mortality rate at 1-year post hip fracture was quoted as approximately 30% of all hip fractures. There have been recent improvements in hip fracture care in the main driven by national hip fracture registries with reductions in 30-d mortality rates reported.

AIM

To address recent 1-year post hip fracture mortality rates in the literature.

METHODS

Systematic literature review, national hip fracture registries/databases, local studies on hip fracture mortality, 5 years limitation (2013-2017), cohorts > 100, studies in English. Outcome measure: Mortality rate at 1-year post hip fracture.

RESULTS

Recent 1-year mortality rates were reviewed using the literature from 8 National Registries and 36 different countries. Recently published 1-year mortality rates appear lower than traditional figures and may represent a downward trend.

CONCLUSION

There appears to be a consistent worldwide reduction in mortality at 1-year post hip fracture compared to previously published research. Globally, those which suffer hip fractures may currently be benefiting from the results of approximately 30 years of national registries, rigorous audit processes and international collaboration. The previously quoted mortality rates of 10% at 1-mo and 30% at 1-year may be outdated.

Keywords: Hip fracture, Mortality, Registries, Databases

Core tip: This review reports a global downward trend in 1-year mortality rate post hip fracture. The results of this study suggest that the previously reported 1-year mortality rate of 30% is out-dated and a figure of 22% is a more accurate, up-to-date estimation of 1-year mortality rate post hip fracture.