Systematic Reviews
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2016.
World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther. Aug 6, 2016; 7(3): 453-462
Published online Aug 6, 2016. doi: 10.4292/wjgpt.v7.i3.453
Table 1 Assessment of the methodological qualities of the comparative studies included in the review
ItemsFarid et al[12], 2009Farid et al[20], 2009
Inclusion criteria11
Exclusion criteria11
Comparable demographics11
Number of participating centers is stated?11
The number of surgeons is stated00
Reporting where the authors were on the learning curve00
Clearly stated diagnostic criteria for clinical outcomes11
Adequate description of surgical technique11
Standard surgical technique11
Standard perioperative care00
Age and range are given for patients in BTX-A group11
Statement about any missing data00
Age and range are given for patients in the comparative group11
Patients in each group treated along similar timelines11
The patients asking to enter the study, did they actually take part to it?00
Statement about drop-out rates00
Clearly defined outcomes11
Availability of blind assessors00
Assessment tools were standardized11
Was the analysis by intention to treat?00
Score1212
Table 2 Assessment of the methodological qualities of case-series studies included in the review
ItemsShafik et al[17]Ron et al[18]Maria et al[19]Hompes et al[21]Zhang et al[22]
Multi-center study00000
Clearly defined objective11111
Reported inclusion exclusion criteria01100
Clearly defined outcomes01111
Prospective data collection11111
Patients were recruited consecutively01000
Clearly described results of the study?11111
Stratified outcomes11111
Total Score47655
Table 3 Characteristics of the studies included
Ref.CountryTypenMaleMean age (yr)Duration of complaint (mo)Follow up (mo)Dose of BTX-A (IU)Site of injection
Shafik et al[17]EgyptProspective15241.2105.614.625Lateral (3, 9 o’clock)
Ron et al[18]IsraelProspective24923.7Not reported61.010-20Lateral and posterior
Maria et al[19]ItalyProspective241056.028.039.060Lateral (3, 9 o’clock)
Farid et al[12]EgyptProspective RCT151534.771.114.7100Lateral (5, 7 o’clock)
Farid et al[20]EgyptProspective RCT24734.7Not reported12.0100Lateral (5, 7 o’clock)
Hompes et al[21]United KingdomRetrospective562047.5Not reported19.2100Lateral (3, 9 o’clock)
Zhang et al[22]ChinaRetrospective311850.167.28.4100Lateral and posterior (3, 6, 9 o’clock)