Systematic Reviews
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World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol. Aug 15, 2014; 5(3): 373-379
Published online Aug 15, 2014. doi: 10.4291/wjgp.v5.i3.373
Oxidative and nitrosative stress enzymes in relation to nitrotyrosine in Helicobacter pylori-infected humans
Anders Elfvin, Anders Edebo, Peter Hallersund, Anna Casselbrant, Lars Fändriks
Anders Elfvin, Anders Edebo, Peter Hallersund, Anna Casselbrant, Lars Fändriks, Department of Gastrosurgical Research and Education, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, 416 85 Gothenburg, Sweden
Anders Elfvin, Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, 416 85 Gothenburg, Sweden
Author contributions: Elfvin A and Edebo A performed all the gastroscopies; Elfvin A, Hallersund P and Casselbrant A performed the laboratory work, and analysis; Elfvin A and Fändriks L designed the study; Fändriks L coordinated the study and provided financial support; Elfvin A and Hallersund P wrote the manuscript; all authors were involved in editing the manuscript.
Supported by The grants financially from the Swedish Medical Research Council and the Gothenburg Medical Society
Correspondence to: Dr. Anders Elfvin, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Diagnosroad 15, 416 85 Gothenburg, Sweden. anders.elfvin@vgregion.se
Telephone: +46-31-3438073 Fax: +46-31-3436696
Received: January 28, 2014
Revised: April 25, 2014
Accepted: June 10, 2014
Published online: August 15, 2014
Abstract

AIM: To compare a possible relation between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and the oxygen- and nitrogen radical system in humans.

METHODS: Mechanisms for H. pylori to interfere with the oxygen and nitrogen radical system is of great importance for understanding of the H. pylori persistence and pathogenesis. Biopsies were obtained from the gastric wall of 21 individuals. Ongoing infection with H. pylori was detected using direct analyze from the biopsies using campylobacter-like organism test (CLO-test) and/or by using 14C-urea breath test. The individuals were divided in a negative H. pylori and a positive H. pylori group. Expression in the gastric mucosa of inducible nitric oxide syntase (iNOS), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase (NADPH-oxidase) myeloperoxidase (MPO), and nitrotyrosine were assessed by Western blotting.

RESULTS: The individuals who undervent gastroscopy were divided in a H. pylori neg. [n = 13, m/f = 7/6, age (mean) = 39] and a H. pylori pos. group [n= 8, m/f = 5/3, age (mean) = 53]. Using western blot analysis iNOS was detected as a 130 kDa band. The iNOS expression was upregulated in the antrum of H. pylori infected individuals in comparison to the controls, mean ± SD being 12.6 ± 2.4 vs 8.3 ± 3.1, P < 0.01. There was a markedly upregulated expression of MPO in the antrum of H. pylori infected individuals in comparison to the control group without infection. In several of non-infected controls it was not possible to detect any MPO expression at all, whereas the expression was high in all the infected subjects, mean ± SD being 5.1 ± 3.4 vs 2.1 ± 1.9, P < 0.05. The NADPH-oxidase expression was analysed by detecting the NADPH-oxidase subunit p47-phox expression. P47-phox was detected as a 47 kDa band using Western blot, and showed a significantly higher expression of p47-phox in the antrum of the H. pylori infected individuals compared to the controls, mean ± SD being 3.1 ± 2.2 vs 0.3 ± 0.2, P < 0.01. Regarding nitrotyrosine formation, Western blot did not show any significant increase or decrease compared to controls, 7.0 ± 0.9 vs 6.9 ± 1.1, not significant.

CONCLUSION: iNOS, MPO and NADPH-oxidase was up-regulated among H. pylori infected. Regarding nitrotyrosine no difference was found. This support an H. pylori related inhibition of radical formation.

Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, Radical, Myeloperoxidase, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, Nitrotyrosine, Gastric

Core tip: The present project was performed to compare a possible relation between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and the oxygen- and nitrogen radical system in humans. Expression of inducible nitric oxide syntase, myeloperoxidase and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase was upregulted in the antrum of the group with H. pylori infection. Regarding nitrotyrosine formation, Western blot did not show any significant increase or decrease compared to controls. The present study illustrates the complex picture of the oxidative stress in relation to H. pylori infection. The present study supports the theory of an H. pylori related inhibition of the enzymes involved in the oxy- and/or nitro- radical formation pathway.