Percutaneous imaging-guided interventions for acute biliary disorders in high surgical risk patients

Table 1 Clinical conditions leading to high surgical risk in 122 patients with acute biliary disorders n (%)

Condition	Patients
Advanced cardiovascular disease	24 (19.68)
Advanced multisystem disease	21 (17.22)
Advanced malignancy	19 (15.57)
Uncontrolled diabetes	14 (11.48)
Severe pancreatitis	12 (9.83)
Advanced respiratory disease	11 (9.01)
Advanced neurologic disease	9 (7.38)
Advanced liver disease	7 (5.74)
Morbid obesity	5 (4.09)
Total number of patients	122 (100)

Table 2 Patient classification according to their clinical presentation n (%)

Group	Clinical presentation	Patients
Group 1	Acute biliary obstruction	59 (48.36)
Group 2	Acute biliary infection	26 (21.31)
Group 3	Abnormal intra-abdominal collections related to acute biliary tract disorders	37 (30.33)
Total		122

Table 3 Total numbers of the different imaging-guided interventional biliary procedures

	Type of procedure	Patients (n)
1	Computed tomography-guided biliary interventions	73
2	Ultrasonography-guided biliary interventions	41
3	Fluoroscopy-guided interventions	25
Total number of procedures		139

Table 4 Comparison between the different imaging-guided percutaneous drainage procedures and their success rate in patients with biliary obstruction

Type of procedure	No. of procedures	Successful procedures (n)	Success rate (%)
Fluoroscopy-guided drainage	16	10	62.5
US-guided drainage	13	7	46.15
CT-guided drainage	30	28	93.331

¹The success rate in patients drained by computed tomography (CT)-guidance was highly significant in comparison to ultrasonography (US)-guided drainage (P = 0.002) and to those drained under fluoroscopy (P = 0.026).

Table 5 Comparison between ultrasonography- and computed tomography-guided procedures in patients with acute biliary infection n (%)

Procedure	US-guided procedures		CT-guided procedures
	No. of procedures	Successful procedures	No. of procedures	Successful procedures
Pericholecystic abscess drainage	5	2 (40)	7	6 (85.7)
Percutaneous cholecystostomy	5	3 (60)	5	5 (100)
Drainage for cholangitis	3	1 (33.3)	6	5 (83.3)
Total	13	6 (46.15)	18	16 (88.8)1

¹The success rates in patients drained by computed tomography (CT)-guidance were significant compared with those drained under ultrasound guidance (P = 0.0293). US: Ultrasonography.

Table 6 Comparison between ultrasonography- and computed tomography-guided drainage procedures in patients with pathological intra-abdominal fluid collection

Type of collection	US-guided procedures		CT-guided procedures
	No. of procedures	Successful procedures	No. of procedures	Successful procedures
Bilomas	4	2 (50)	10	9 (90)
Abscess	6	3 (50)	8	7 (87.5)
Pancreatic pseudocysts	5	3 (60)	7	7 (100)
Total	15	8 (53.33)	25	23 (92)1

¹The success rates in patients drained by computed tomography (CT)-guidance were significant (P = 0.0145 < 0.05) compared with those drained under ultrasound guidance. US: Ultrasonography.