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World J Radiol. Oct 28, 2014; 6(10): 756-778
Published online Oct 28, 2014. doi: 10.4329/wjr.v6.i10.756
Role of functional imaging in the development and refinement of invasive neuromodulation for psychiatric disorders
Nolan R Williams, Joseph J Taylor, Kayla Lamb, Colleen A Hanlon, E Baron Short, Mark S George
Nolan R Williams, Joseph J Taylor, Kayla Lamb, Colleen A Hanlon, E Baron Short, Mark S George, Brain Stimulation Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States
Joseph J Taylor, Colleen A Hanlon, Mark S George, Ralph H Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401, United States
Joseph J Taylor, Colleen A Hanlon, Mark S George, Center for Biomedical Imaging, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States
Author contributions: Williams NR was the primary author; Taylor JJ and Hanlon CA wrote critical sections of the imaging physics; Williams NR and Lamb K designed and created the tables; George MS and Short EB edited as senior authors.
Supported by NIDA R25
Correspondence to: Nolan R Williams, MD, Brain Stimulation Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina, 67 President Street, Charleston, SC 29425, United States. willianr@musc.edu
Telephone: +1-843-7920333 Fax: +1-843-7923187
Received: March 3, 2014
Revised: July 4, 2014
Accepted: August 27, 2014
Published online: October 28, 2014
Core Tip

Core tip: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is emerging as a powerful tool for the alleviation of targeted symptoms in treatment-resistant neuropsychiatric disorders. Most recently, functional magnetic resonance imaging has been used to examine the effects of focal DBS on activity in a distributed neural network. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current functional neuroimaging findings from neuropsychiatric DBS implantation and to discuss some apparent inconsistencies within this literature, and to suggest potential future directions for this promising area.