Peer-review started: May 19, 2014
First decision: June 27, 2014
Revised: November 21, 2014
Accepted: December 3, 2014
Article in press: December 10, 2014
Published online: January 28, 2015
This article summarizes the clinical characteristics and imaging features of common gastrointestinal (GI) neoplasms in terms of conventional radiological imaging methods. Barium studies are readily available for displaying primary malignancies and are minimally or not at all invasive. A neoplasm may be manifested as various imaging findings, including mucosal disruption, soft mass, ulcer, submucosal invasion and lumen stenosis on barium studies. Benign tumors typically appear as smoothly marginated intramural masses. Malignant neoplasms most often appear as irregular infiltrative lesions on barium examination. Tumor extension to adjacent GI segments may be indistinct on barium images. Cross-sectional images such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging may provide more accurate details of the adjacent organ invasion, omental or peritoneal spread.
Core tip: Gastrointestinal neoplasms are very common diseases. A neoplasm may be manifested as a wide spectrum of imaging findings. Barium studies are readily available for displaying primary malignancies in a short time and at low cost. Malignant neoplasms most often appear as irregular infiltrative lesions on barium examination. Cross-sectional imaging such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging may provide more accurate details of the adjacent organ invasion, omental or peritoneal spread.