Published online Jun 26, 2022. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v14.i6.372
Peer-review started: January 25, 2022
First decision: March 16, 2022
Revised: April 13, 2022
Accepted: May 14, 2022
Article in press: May 14, 2022
Published online: June 26, 2022
Coronary sinus imaging is gaining importance due to improvement in electrophysiology techniques and wide spread use of left ventricular lead as a part of Cardiac resynchronization therapy.
Although standard technique is retrograde venogram, it has its own challenges.
To evaluate the feasibility of levophase of routine coronary angiography for studying coronary anatomy.
We conducted a prospective observational in patients undergoing routine coronary angiography. In two angiographic views (left anterior oblique & right anterior oblique with cranial angulation), we evaluated the levophase for coronary sinus anatomy including ostial uptake, size, branches and angulation.
The levophase coronary angiography achieved good visibility in almost all patients. Most patients had a tubular coronary sinus ostia with size < 10 mm. Sharp take off between ostia and body as well tortuosity were seen only in a minority.
Levophase coronary angiogram evaluation for coronary sinus anatomy is safe and highly effective.
Large randomized studies are need to further substantiate the results.