Yildirim G, Dursun M, Arslan R. Effect of trabeculated myocardial mass on left ventricle global and regional functions in noncompaction cardiomyopathy. World J Cardiol 2021; 13(7): 211-222 [PMID: 34367505 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v13.i7.211]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Gulsah Yildirim, MD, Attending Doctor, Doctor, Senior Lecturer, Department of Radiology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, İçerenkoy Mah. Ataşehir, İstanbul 34752, Turkey. gulsahbuyuksahin@gmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Article-Type of This Article
Retrospective Study
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Cardiol. Jul 26, 2021; 13(7): 211-222 Published online Jul 26, 2021. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v13.i7.211
Effect of trabeculated myocardial mass on left ventricle global and regional functions in noncompaction cardiomyopathy
Gulsah Yildirim, Memduh Dursun, Rıfat Arslan
Gulsah Yildirim, Department of Radiology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul 34752, Turkey
Memduh Dursun, Department of Radiology, İstanbul University School of Medicine, İstanbul 34752, Turkey
Rıfat Arslan, Department of Radiology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul 34752, Turkey
Author contributions: Yildirim G designed and performed the research and wrote the paper; Dursun M designed the research and supervised the report; Arslan R designed the research and contributed to the analysis.
Institutional review board statement: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Boards, No. 15.11.2016/412092.
Informed consent statement: Informed consent was obtained for the radiological study that was performed in the above-mentioned context.
Conflict-of-interest statement: We have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
Data sharing statement: Participants gave informed consent for data sharing.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Gulsah Yildirim, MD, Attending Doctor, Doctor, Senior Lecturer, Department of Radiology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, İçerenkoy Mah. Ataşehir, İstanbul 34752, Turkey. gulsahbuyuksahin@gmail.com
Received: October 15, 2020 Peer-review started: October 15, 2020 First decision: March 31, 2021 Revised: April 12, 2021 Accepted: April 29, 2021 Article in press: April 29, 2021 Published online: July 26, 2021
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Left ventricular (LV) noncompaction cardiomyopathy is a rare cardiomyopathic subtype that has been recognized in recent years and is being diagnosed at an increased rate. There is no consensus regarding the diagnosis of the disease, and increased trabeculation rates that meet the existing diagnostic criteria may even be present in healthy asymptomatic people. This indicates that differentiating criteria for diagnosis are needed.
AIM
To examine the increase in myocardial trabeculation and the change in left ventricular global and regional functions.
METHODS
This retrospective study included 65 patients (28 females, 37 males) diagnosed with LV noncompaction cardiomyopathy who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging between January 2011 and August 2016 and had a noncompacted/compacted myocardial thickness ratio of over 2.3 in more than one segment in the left ventricle. The distribution and ratios of trabeculations in apical, midventricular, and basal regions were examined in short-axis images obtained from cardiac magnetic resonance. In addition, by using short-axis cine images, regional ejection fraction (EF) and global EF were calculated using the Simpson method in the left ventricle at apical, basal, and midventricular levels.
RESULTS
While the number of trabeculated segments were similar at the apical (3.2 ± 1.0) and midventricular levels, a statistically significant level of involvement was not observed at the basal level (0.4 ± 0.9) (P > 0.05). The highest noncompacted/compacted (trabeculation) ratio was observed at the apical level (3.9 ± 1.4), while this ratio was higher at the anterior (59%-89.4%) and lateral (62%-84.8%) segments (P > 0.05). Global EF was positively correlated with apical, midventricular, and basal regional EF (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant correlation between regional EF and the number of trabeculated segments or trabeculation ratio in all three regions; nor was there a significant correlation between regional EF and the number of trabeculated segments or trabeculation ratio in the entire LV (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
No global or regional relationship was observed between LV dysfunction and trabeculation rate or the number of trabeculated segments. This limits the usefulness of change in LV functions in the differentiation between normal and pathological trabeculation.
Core Tip: With the advancements in cardiac magnetic resonance, there is increased frequency of left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy diagnosis; meanwhile, increased trabeculation that meet diagnostic criteria may also be observed in healthy asymptomatic individuals. This suggests the need for new diagnostic criteria of the disease. In this regard, our retrospective study investigates the impact of the number of trabeculated segments and the trabeculation ratio on regional and global left ventricular functions.
