Sigmoid and cecal volvulus in pregnancy and puerperium: A systematic review

Table 1 Diagnostic imaging and maternal mortality

Diagnostic imaging	Maternal mortality with imaging	Maternal mortality without imaging	The difference in mortality related to imaging type
Abdominal X-ray	6/82	1/41	χ2, P = 0.271
Abdominal ultrasound	1/49	6/71	χ2, P = 0.155
Chest X-ray	0/8	7/15	χ2, P = 0.472
CT	1/26	6/97	χ2, P = 0.647

CT: Computed tomography.

Table 2 Diagnostic imaging and fetal mortality

Diagnostic imaging	Fetal mortality with imaging	Fetal mortality without imaging	The difference in mortality related to imaging type
Abdominal X-ray	20/50	3/37	χ2, P < 0.01
Abdominal ultrasound	11/43	12/44	χ2, P = 0.858
Chest X-ray	3/6	20/81	χ2, P = 0.175
CT	2/15	21/72	χ2, P = 0.206
MRI	2/12	21/75	χ2, P = 0.408

CT: Computed tomography; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging.

Table 3 Surgical procedure-related maternal mortality

Surgical procedure	Maternal mortality related to surgical procedure	Maternal mortality related to other surgical procedures	The difference in mortality related to surgical procedure
Detorsion	2.9% (1/35)	8.7% (10/115)	χ2, P = 0.349
Intestinal resection with anastomosis	2.4% (1/42)	9.2% (10/108)	χ2, P = 0.247
Intestinal resection with terminal stoma	8.7% (9/69)	2.6% (2/81)	χ2, P = 0.039
Sigmoidopexy/cecopexy	0% (0/21)	8.5% (11/129)	χ2, P = 0.267

Table 4 Surgical procedure-related fetal mortality

Surgical procedure	Fetal mortality in cases with specific surgical procedure	Fetal death rate without a specific surgical procedure	The difference in mortality related to surgical procedure
Detorsion	20% (5/25)	31.8% (27/85)	χ2, P = 0.102
Intestinal resection with anastomosis	15.6% (5/32)	31.2% (27/79)	χ2, P = 0.111
Intestinal resection with terminal stoma	44.9% (22/49)	16.3% (10/61)	χ2, P = 0.003
Sigmoidopexy/cecopexy	9% (1/11)	31.3% (31/99)	χ2, P = 0.286

Table 5 Duration between surgery and delivery and its relation to surgical procedure

Surgical procedure	The period between surgery and delivery < 24 hours	The period between surgery and delivery > 24 hours	P value
Detorsion	33.3% (30/90)	44.9% (22/49)	0.188
Intestinal resection with anastomosis	32.2% (29/90)	22.4% (11/49)	0.224
Intestinal resection with terminal stoma	45.6% (41/90)	42.9% (21/49)	0.760
Sigmoidopexy/cecopexy	17.8% (16/90)	10.2% (5/49)	0.234

Table 6 Trimester-related fetal outcomes

Gestational trimester	Alive	Stillborn	Total
1st trimester	3	0	3
2nd trimester	26	13	39
3rd trimester	56	17	73

Table 7 Mother mortality depending on publication period, linear regression

Model		Sum of squares	df	Mean square	F	P value
H1	Regression	5876.476	1	5876.476	9.400	0.003

H₁: Hypothesis; df: Degrees of freedom; F: F-statistic.

Table 8 Fetus mortality depending on publication period, linear regression

Model		Sum of squares	df	Mean square	F	P value
H1	Regression	784.152	1	784.152	1.198	0.276

The statistical model is performed only for antepartum cases. H₁: Hypothesis; df: Degrees of freedom; F: F-statistic.