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©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Gastrointest Surg. Jun 27, 2025; 17(6): 106264
Published online Jun 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i6.106264
Published online Jun 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i6.106264
Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants
Characteristic | Conventional bowel preparation group (n = 65) | Enhanced bowel preparation group (n = 65) | P value |
Age (years) | 55.2 ± 10.3 | 54.8 ± 10.5 | 0.82 |
Gender, n (%) | |||
Male | 38 (58.5) | 37 (56.9) | 0.85 |
Female | 27 (41.5) | 28 (43.1) | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.1 ± 3.2 | 23.9 ± 3.1 | 0.78 |
Comorbidities, n (%) | |||
Hypertension | 15 (23.1) | 14 (21.5) | 0.89 |
Diabetes | 8 (12.3) | 7 (10.8) | 0.81 |
Cardiovascular disease | 5 (7.7) | 4 (6.2) | 0.76 |
Polyp characteristics | |||
Number of polyps | 1.3 ± 0.6 | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 0.42 |
Mean polyp size (mm) | 8.2 ± 2.1 | 8.0 ± 2.0 | 0.68 |
Polyp type, n (%) | |||
Adenomatous | 40 (61.5) | 42 (64.6) | 0.72 |
Hyperplastic | 20 (30.8) | 19 (29.2) | |
Serrated | 5 (7.7) | 4 (6.2) | |
Previous colonoscopy, n (%) | 10 (15.4) | 11 (16.9) | 0.85 |
Family history of colorectal cancer, n (%) | 8 (12.3) | 7 (10.8) | 0.81 |
Current use of anticoagulants, n (%) | 5 (7.7) | 4 (6.2) | 0.76 |
History of inflammatory bowel disease, n (%) | 2 (3.1) | 1 (1.5) | 0.50 |
Table 2 Bowel preparation quality
Indicator | Conventional bowel preparation group (n = 65) | Enhanced bowel preparation group (n = 65) | P value |
Boston bowel preparation scale score | |||
Total score | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 4.2 ± 0.7 | < 0.001 |
Rectum-sigmoid | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.3 | < 0.001 |
Transverse-descending | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | < 0.001 |
Ascending-cecum | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | < 0.001 |
Adequacy of the bowel preparation rate | 85.0% (55/65) | 92.3% (60/65) | 0.04 |
Cecal intubation rate | 90.8% (59/65) | 95.4% (62/65) | 0.21 |
Withdrawal time (min) | 6.2 ± 1.2 | 8.1 ± 1.4 | < 0.001 |
Adenoma detection rate | 30.8% (20/65) | 38.5% (25/65) | 0.23 |
Sessile serrated lesion detection rate | 5.0% (3/65) | 7.7% (5/65) | 0.42 |
Frequency of recommending an appropriate screening or surveillance interval | 86.2% (56/65) | 93.8% (61/65) | 0.12 |
Table 3 Procedure-related parameters
Parameter | Conventional bowel preparation group (n = 65) | Enhanced bowel preparation group (n = 65) | P value |
Operative time (min) | 25.4 ± 5.2 | 23.1 ± 4.8 | 0.03 |
One-time complete resection rate | 83.1% (54/65) | 95.4% (62/65) | 0.01 |
Intraoperative blood loss (mL) | 20.3 ± 5.1 | 18.2 ± 4.5 | 0.04 |
Number of polyps detected | 1.3 ± 0.6 | 1.4 ± 0.5 | 0.42 |
Mean polyp size (mm) | 8.2 ± 2.1 | 8.0 ± 2.0 | 0.68 |
Adenoma detection rate | 30.8% (20/65) | 38.5% (25/65) | 0.23 |
Sessile serrated lesion detection rate | 5.0% (3/65) | 7.7% (5/65) | 0.42 |
Frequency of recommending an appropriate screening or surveillance interval | 86.2% (56/65) | 93.8% (61/65) | 0.12 |
Postoperative hospital stay (days) | 3.4 ± 0.8 | 2.1 ± 0.5 | < 0.001 |
Time to first liquid diet (hours) | 12.3 ± 2.1 | 10.2 ± 1.8 | 0.02 |
Postoperative pain score | 3.8 ± 0.9 | 2.3 ± 0.7 | < 0.001 |
Frequency of use of additional sedation during the procedure | 20.0% (13/65) | 10.8% (7/65) | 0.12 |
Frequency of need for repeat colonoscopy due to inadequate preparation | 10.8% (7/65) | 3.1% (2/65) | 0.05 |
Frequency of patient satisfaction with procedure | 76.9% (50/65) | 87.7% (57/65) | 0.04 |
Table 4 Enhanced bowel preparation reduces complications and improves patient experience, n (%)
Complication | Conventional bowel preparation group (n = 65) | Enhanced bowel preparation group (n = 65) | P value |
Total complication rate | 16.9% (11/65) | 5.9% (4/65) | 0.05 |
Bleeding | 11 (16.9) | 1 (1.5) | 0.01 |
Perforation | 2 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0.10 |
Infection | 5 (7.7) | 1 (1.5) | 0.04 |
Nausea and vomiting | 8 (12.3) | 3 (4.6) | 0.12 |
Abdominal pain | 10 (15.4) | 4 (6.2) | 0.04 |
Abdominal distension | 7 (10.8) | 2 (3.1) | 0.07 |
Need for additional sedation | 5 (7.7) | 2 (3.1) | 0.21 |
Patient dissatisfaction with the preparation | 9 (13.8) | 3 (4.6) | 0.05 |
Table 5 Postoperative recovery
Indicator | Conventional bowel preparation group (n = 65) | Enhanced bowel preparation group (n = 65) | P value |
Postoperative hospital stay (days) | 3.4 ± 0.8 | 2.1 ± 0.5 | < 0.001 |
Time to first liquid diet (h) | 12.3 ± 2.1 | 10.2 ± 1.8 | 0.02 |
Postoperative pain score | 3.8 ± 0.9 | 2.3 ± 0.7 | < 0.001 |
Time to the first bowel movement (h) | 24.5 ± 4.2 | 18.3 ± 3.1 | < 0.001 |
Postoperative fatigue score | 4.2 ± 0.8 | 2.8 ± 0.6 | < 0.001 |
Patient satisfaction with recovery | 70.8% (46/65) | 89.2% (58/65) | 0.01 |
Postoperative nausea and vomiting | 15.4% (10/65) | 4.6% (3/65) | 0.04 |
Postoperative dizziness | 10.8% (7/65) | 3.1% (2/65) | 0.07 |
Postoperative urinary retention | 7.7% (5/65) | 1.5% (1/65) | 0.05 |
Table 6 Pathological examination and follow-up, n (%)
Indicator | Conventional bowel preparation group (n = 65) | Enhanced bowel preparation group (n = 65) | P value |
Pathological confirmation of malignancy | 5 (7.7) | 4 (6.2) | 0.76 |
6-month recurrence rate | 10.8% (7/65) | 3.1% (2/65) | 0.05 |
Late complications | 2 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0.10 |
Tumor marker levels (CA19-9) | 35.2 ± 10.3 | 28.1 ± 8.5 | 0.02 |
Tumor marker levels (CEA) | 4.8 ± 1.2 | 3.9 ± 0.9 | 0.04 |
Lymph node metastasis rate | 12.3% (8/65) | 7.7% (5/65) | 0.32 |
Postoperative infection rate | 7.7% (5/65) | 3.1% (2/65) | 0.10 |
Patient satisfaction with the pathological results | 80.0% (52/65) | 87.7% (57/65) | 0.12 |
Table 7 Patient compliance and adverse reactions
Indicator | Conventional bowel preparation group (n = 65) | Enhanced bowel preparation group (n = 65) | P value |
Overall compliance rate | 70.8% (46/65) | 89.2% (58/65) | 0.01 |
Adherence to the medication schedule | 68.0% (44/65) | 84.6% (55/65) | 0.02 |
Completion of the full bowel preparation course | 65.0% (42/65) | 86.2% (56/65) | 0.003 |
Frequency of adverse drug reactions | 12.3% (8/65) | 4.6% (3/65) | 0.04 |
Patient satisfaction with medication | 72.3% (47/65) | 87.7% (57/65) | 0.02 |
Frequency of additional sedation required | 7.7% (5/65) | 3.1% (2/65) | 0.21 |
Patient dissatisfaction with the preparation process | 13.8% (9/65) | 4.6% (3/65) | 0.05 |
Frequency of nausea and vomiting | 15.4% (10/65) | 4.6% (3/65) | 0.04 |
Frequency of abdominal distension | 10.8% (7/65) | 3.1% (2/65) | 0.07 |
- Citation: Ma YP, Zheng XY, Shen XF, Ling YT, Qian MP, Ni MJ. Impact of enhanced bowel preparation on complications and prognosis following colonoscopic polypectomy. World J Gastrointest Surg 2025; 17(6): 106264
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v17/i6/106264.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v17.i6.106264