Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Diabetes. Jun 15, 2021; 12(6): 745-766
Published online Jun 15, 2021. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i6.745
Alzheimer’s disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Pathophysiologic and pharmacotherapeutics links
Milagros Rojas, Mervin Chávez-Castillo, Jordan Bautista, Ángel Ortega, Manuel Nava, Juan Salazar, Edgar Díaz-Camargo, Oscar Medina, Joselyn Rojas-Quintero, Valmore Bermúdez
Milagros Rojas, Mervin Chávez-Castillo, Jordan Bautista, Ángel Ortega, Manuel Nava, Juan Salazar, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
Edgar Díaz-Camargo, Oscar Medina, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales, Cúcuta 540006, Colombia
Joselyn Rojas-Quintero, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Department, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02155, United States
Valmore Bermúdez, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
Author contributions: Rojas M, Chávez-Castillo M and Bautista J conceived of the idea of the study and determined its general focus; Rojas M, Chávez-Castillo M, Bautista J, Ortega Á and Nava M contributed to the literature and wrote and revised the manuscript; Rojas M, Chávez-Castillo M, Salazar J, Bermúdez V, Díaz-Camargo E, Medina O and Rojas-Quintero J contributed to the review study and corrected the manuscript; all authors reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: Authors declare no conflict of interests for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Juan Salazar, MD, Doctor, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, 20th Avenue, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela. juanjsv18@hotmail.com
Received: February 13, 2021
Peer-review started: February 13, 2021
First decision: March 16, 2021
Revised: March 20, 2021
Accepted: May 21, 2021
Article in press: May 21, 2021
Published online: June 15, 2021
Core Tip

Core Tip: Alzheimer’s disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus are highly prevalent chronic diseases that have shown a significant association. Important pathways have shown to be involved in this relationship, including the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, among others. This has led to the development of therapeutic approaches that can overlap and address both diseases. Some of the most promising interventions include the use of azeliragon, amylin, and glucagon-like peptide-1.