Pazos F. Range of adiposity and cardiorenal syndrome. World J Diabetes 2020; 11(8): 322-350 [PMID: 32864046 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v11.i8.322]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Fernando Pazos, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Medicine Faculty, Cantabria University, Valdecilla Hospital, PO box 2257, Santander 39080, Cantabria, Spain. fernandoantonio.pazos@scsalud.es
Research Domain of This Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Article-Type of This Article
Review
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Diabetes. Aug 15, 2020; 11(8): 322-350 Published online Aug 15, 2020. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v11.i8.322
Range of adiposity and cardiorenal syndrome
Fernando Pazos
Fernando Pazos, Department of Medicine, Medicine Faculty, Cantabria University, Valdecilla Hospital, Santander 39080, Cantabria, Spain
Author contributions: Pazos F wrote the paper and performed the collected data.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The author declares no conflicts of interest for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Fernando Pazos, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Medicine Faculty, Cantabria University, Valdecilla Hospital, PO box 2257, Santander 39080, Cantabria, Spain. fernandoantonio.pazos@scsalud.es
Received: March 20, 2020 Peer-review started: March 20, 2020 First decision: April 26, 2020 Revised: May 27, 2020 Accepted: June 14, 2020 Article in press: June 14, 2020 Published online: August 15, 2020
Core Tip
Core tip: Visceral adiposity and morbid obesity are risk factors for heart and kidney disease, configuring a cardiorenal syndrome. Adipose tissue results in hemodynamic and mechanical derangements in addition to activating neuro-humoral systems such as endothelial dysfunction, adipokines, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone, sympathetic nervous system, natriuretic peptides, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Obesity induces cardiac remodeling and fibrosis, leading to heart failure (HF). HF with preserved ejection fraction is characteristically linked to obesity. Hyperfiltration, increased glomerular capillary wall tension, podocyte dysfunction, and, finally, chronic kidney disease has been linked to obesity. Most of the new treatments for diabetes mellitus type 2, which have favorable cardiovascular outcomes, improve the cardiometabolic renal syndrome associated with obesity.
