Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Diabetes. Nov 15, 2020; 11(11): 527-539
Published online Nov 15, 2020. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v11.i11.527
Type 1 diabetes and associated autoimmune diseases
Lara Frommer, George J Kahaly
Lara Frommer, George J Kahaly, Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg Medical Center, Mainz 55131, Germany
Author contributions: Frommer L conception and design, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data, drafting the article; Kahaly GJ project initiation, conception and design, drafting the article and revising it critically for important intellectual content; approval of the version to be published.
Institutional review board statement: The study needed no approval of the German Ethics committee.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflict-of interest to disclose.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement checklist of items.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: George J Kahaly, MD, PhD, Full Professor, Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg Medical Center, No. 1 Langenbeckstreet, Mainz 55131, Germany. gkahaly@uni-mainz.de
Received: June 25, 2020
Peer-review started: June 25, 2020
First decision: August 22, 2020
Revised: August 27, 2020
Accepted: October 13, 2020
Article in press: October 13, 2020
Published online: November 15, 2020
Core Tip

Core Tip: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) often occurs in combination with several other endocrine and non-endocrine autoimmune disorders. Recent studies have revealed a strong clustering of T1D + autoimmune diseases in patients and their first-degree relatives. Therefore, regular screening for autoantibodies in patients with T1D and first-degree relatives is of upmost importance for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures of endocrine and non-endocrine autoimmunity.