Copyright
©The Author(s) 2019. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Diabetes. Feb 15, 2019; 10(2): 63-77
Published online Feb 15, 2019. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v10.i2.63
Published online Feb 15, 2019. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v10.i2.63
Insulin resistance is associated with subclinical vascular disease in humans
María M Adeva-Andany, Eva Ameneiros-Rodríguez, Carlos Fernández-Fernández, Alberto Domínguez-Montero, Raquel Funcasta-Calderón, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital General Juan Cardona, Ferrol 15406, Spain
Author contributions: Each author contributed to this manuscript; Adeva-Andany MM designed the study, performed the literature search, analyzed the data and drafted the manuscript; Ameneiros-Rodríguez E contributed to the literature search and analysis of data; Fernández-Fernández C and Domínguez-Montero A contributed to the analysis of data and organization of the article; Funcasta-Calderón R contributed to the conception and design of the study and on-going progress; all authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: María M Adeva-Andany, MD, PhD, Attending Doctor, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital General Juan Cardona, c/Pardo Bazán s/n, Ferrol 15406, Spain. madevaa@yahoo.com
Telephone: +34-60-4004309
Received: January 16, 2019
Peer-review started: January 17, 2019
First decision: January 25, 2019
Revised: February 1, 2019
Accepted: February 11, 2019
Article in press: February 12, 2019
Published online: February 15, 2019
Peer-review started: January 17, 2019
First decision: January 25, 2019
Revised: February 1, 2019
Accepted: February 11, 2019
Article in press: February 12, 2019
Published online: February 15, 2019
Core Tip
Core tip: Vascular injury associated to insulin resistance includes impaired vasodilation in response to chemical mediators, reduced distensibility of the arterial wall (arterial stiffness), vascular calcification, and increased thickness of the arterial wall. Vascular dysfunction associated to insulin resistance is present in asymptomatic subjects and predisposes to cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure, ischemic heart disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. Structural and functional vascular disease associated to insulin resistance is highly predictive of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.