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World J Diabetes. Jun 25, 2015; 6(6): 868-873
Published online Jun 25, 2015. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v6.i6.868
Effect of diabetes mellitus on sleep quality
Salim Surani, Veronica Brito, Asif Surani, Shekhar Ghamande
Salim Surani, Veronica Brito, Asif Surani, Shekhar Ghamande, Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Texas AM University, TX 78336, United States
Author contributions: Brito V reviewed the literature, edited and wrote the manuscript; Surani A was involved in reviewing the literature and writing the manuscript; Surani S and Ghamande S designed the study, reviewed the literature, edited and wrote the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest: None of the authors have any conflict to disclose.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Salim Surani, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Texas AM University, 1177 West Wheeler Ave, Suite 1, TX 78336, United States. srsurani@hotmail.com
Telephone: +1-361-8857722 Fax: +1-361-8507562
Received: November 30, 2014
Peer-review started: December 2, 2014
First decision: February 7, 2015
Revised: February 21, 2015
Accepted: May 16, 2015
Article in press: May 18, 2015
Published online: June 25, 2015
Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a highly prevalent condition affecting about 347 million people worldwide. In addition to its numerous clinical implications, DM also exerts a negative effect on patient’s sleep quality. Impaired sleep quality disrupts the adequate glycemic control regarded as corner stone in DM management and also lead to many deleterious effects causing a profound impact on health related quality of life. This article outlines various factors leading to impaired sleep quality among diabetics and delineates how individual factor influences sleep. The article also discusses potential interventions and lifestyle changes to promote healthy sleep among diabetics.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Sleep quality, Quality of life, Obstructive sleep apnea, Nocturnal hypoglycemia

Core tip: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the common chronic medical conditions affecting approximately 347 million people worldwide. Studies have shown that up to one third of patients with DM suffer from concomitant sleep disorder. Factors associated with disrupted sleep among diabetic patient include nocturia, nocturnal hypoglycemia, peripheral neuropathy, restless leg syndrome and sleep disordered breathing. These conditions, when associated with diabetes can cause fragmented sleep and poor quality of life. It is imperative for the primary care physicians and health care providers to address this important issue among the diabetic patients during their visit.