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World J Diabetes. Jun 15, 2014; 5(3): 399-406
Published online Jun 15, 2014. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v5.i3.399
Canagliflozin-current status in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus with focus on clinical trial data
Jagriti Bhatia, Nanda Gamad, Saurabh Bharti, Dharamvir Singh Arya
Jagriti Bhatia, Nanda Gamad, Saurabh Bharti, Dharamvir Singh Arya, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
Author contributions: All the authors contributed in collection of data on CFZ; Bhatia J and Gamad N were involved in writing the manuscript; Gamad N and Bharti S compiled the table no. 1 (Summary of clinical trials of CFZ) and table no. 2 (Summary of adverse events observed in the CFZ clinical trials) in the manuscript; Arya DS did the final editing of the review article.
Correspondence to: Dr. Jagriti Bhatia, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gautam Nagar, New Delhi-110029, India. jagriti2012@gmail.com
Telephone: +91-11-26594266 Fax: +91-11-26584121
Received: January 22, 2014
Revised: April 3, 2014
Accepted: April 17, 2014
Published online: June 15, 2014
Abstract

Canagliflozin (CFZ) is a member of new class of glucose lowering agents, sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT) inhibitors, which got approval by food and drug administration. It has insulin independent action by blocking the transporter protein SGLT2 in the kidneys, resulting in urinary glucose excretion and reduction in blood glucose levels. In clinical trials, CFZ significantly decreased HbA1c level when administered either as monotherapy or as combined therapy with other anti-diabetic drugs. Intriguingly, it showed additional benefits like weight reduction and lowering of blood pressure. The commonly observed side effects were urinary and genital infections. It has exhibited favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles even in patients with renal and hepatic damage. Hence, this review purports to outline CFZ as a newer beneficial drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2, Canagliflozin, Clinical trial, Safety profile

Core tip: This review article focuses upon the current pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and clinical trial data on the newly introduced sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, canagliflozin, for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. It also discusses briefly about the safety profile and future prospective of canagliflozin.