Diagnostic value of alpha-fetoprotein and prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-II in serum, bile, and feces in hepatocellular carcinoma

doi:10.4251/wjgo.v17.i5.105311

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May 15, 2025 (publication date) through May 15, 2025

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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1948-5204

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Basic Study

World J Gastrointest Oncol. May 15, 2025; 17(5): 105311
Published online May 15, 2025. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v17.i5.105311

Diagnostic value of alpha-fetoprotein and prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-II in serum, bile, and feces in hepatocellular carcinoma

Zi-Jun Chen, Xiang-Kun Wang, Chuang-Ye Han, Yong-Fei He, Tian-Yi Liang, Shu-Tian Mo, Guang-Zhi Zhu, Cheng-Kun Yang, Xin-Ping Ye, Zi-Li Lv, Shi-Fu Pang, Xiao-Dong Chen, Peng Wang, Tao Peng

Zi-Jun Chen, Chuang-Ye Han, Yong-Fei He, Tian-Yi Liang, Shu-Tian Mo, Guang-Zhi Zhu, Cheng-Kun Yang, Xin-Ping Ye, Zi-Li Lv, Tao Peng, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

Xiang-Kun Wang, Departments of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China

Shi-Fu Pang, Xiao-Dong Chen, AIage Life Science Corporation Ltd., Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

Peng Wang, Department of Health Management and Division of Physical Examination, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

Co-corresponding authors: Peng Wang and Tao Peng.

Author contributions: Chen ZJ conceived and designed the study, provided the study materials and patients, and drafted the manuscript; Chen ZJ, Wang XK, and Han CY collated the data; He YF, Liang TY, Mo ST, Zhu GZ, Yang CK, Ye XP, Lv ZL, Pang SF, Chen XD, Wang P, and Peng T analyzed the data; All authors approved the manuscript.

Institutional review board statement: This study was conducted in accordance with ethical principles and was approved by the Ethical Review Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 2020 (KY-E-118).

Institutional animal care and use committee statement: No animal experiments were conducted in this study.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Data sharing statement: The study data and materials are available upon request. Researchers or individuals interested in accessing the data or materials used in this research can contact pengtaomu@163.com to request access. We are committed to ensuring transparency and facilitating the sharing of research resources while respecting any confidentiality or ethical considerations that may apply.

Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Corresponding author: Tao Peng, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. pengtaogmu@163.com

Received: January 18, 2025
Revised: March 6, 2025
Accepted: March 18, 2025
Published online: May 15, 2025
Processing time: 117 Days and 16.1 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: This study evaluated the diagnostic potential of various biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with serum prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-II (PIVKA-II) showing the highest diagnostic accuracy. However, serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was more accurate for early HCC diagnosis. Bile AFP improved diagnostic performance and its combination with PIVKA-II achieved the highest area under the curve for HCC detection. Additionally, bile AFP was associated with poorer HCC clinical outcomes.