Endoscopic management of esophageal varices

doi:10.4253/wjge.v4.i7.312

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Jul 16, 2012 (publication date) through Apr 15, 2024

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

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1948-5190

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Clinical manifestations and management. Jul 16, 2012; 4(7): 312-322
Published online Jul 16, 2012. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v4.i7.312

Endoscopic management of esophageal varices

Joaquin Poza Cordon, Consuelo Froilan Torres, Aurora Burgos García, Francisco Gea Rodriguez, Jose Manuel Suárez de Parga

Joaquin Poza Cordon, Consuelo Froilan Torres, Aurora Burgos García, Francisco Gea Rodriguez, Jose Manuel Suárez de Parga, Hospital Universitario la Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain

Author contributions: Poza Cordon J, Froilan Torres C, Burgos Garc¨ªa A and Gea Rodr¨ªguez F contributed equally to the conception and design, acquisition of data and analysis and interpretation of data; Froilan Torres C and Su¨¢rez de Parga JM contributed to the drafting and critical review of the article for important intellectual content.

Supported by Hospital Universitario La Paz

Correspondence to: Joaquín Poza Cordón, PhD, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Paseo de la Castellana, 261. 28046 Madrid, Spain. pozacordon@hotmail.com

Telephone: +34-62-7567473 Fax: +34-91-7277467

Received: October 24, 2011
Revised: May 10, 2012
Accepted: July 1, 2012
Published online: July 16, 2012

Abstract

The rupture of gastric varices results in variceal hemorrhage, which is one the most lethal complications of cirrhosis. Endoscopic therapies for varices aim to reduce variceal wall tension by obliteration of the varix. The two principal methods available for esophageal varices are endoscopic sclerotherapy (EST) and band ligation (EBL). The advantages of EST are that it is cheap and easy to use, and the injection catheter fits through the working channel of a diagnostic gastroscope. Endoscopic variceal ligation obliterates varices by causing mechanical strangulation with rubber bands. The following review aims to describe the utility of EBL and EST in different situations, such as acute bleeding, primary and secondary prophylaxis

Keywords: Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal bleeding, Portal hypertension, Prophylaxis, Esophageal varices