Retrospective Cohort Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Hepatol. Jun 27, 2025; 17(6): 108100
Published online Jun 27, 2025. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v17.i6.108100
Comparison between short-course and long-course antimicrobial treatments for acute cholangitis with gram-positive coccus bacteremia after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Yuntae Kim, Kazuhiro Ishikawa, Kenji Nakamura, Hikaru Ikusaka, Ryohsuke Yokosuka, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Yuichiro Suzuki, Shuhei Okuyama, Koichi Takagi, Katsuyuki Fukuda
Yuntae Kim, Hikaru Ikusaka, Ryohsuke Yokosuka, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Yuichiro Suzuki, Shuhei Okuyama, Koichi Takagi, Katsuyuki Fukuda, Department of Gastroenterology, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo 104-8560, Japan
Kazuhiro Ishikawa, Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo 104-8560, Japan
Kenji Nakamura, Department of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa General Hospital, Chiba 272-0824, Japan
Author contributions: Kim Y analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript; Kim Y and Ishikawa K designed and performed the research; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of St. Luke’s International Hospital (No. 24-R014). All procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments.
Informed consent statement: Informed consent was obtained using an opt-out approach, as approved by the Institutional Review Board of St. Luke’s International Hospital. Information regarding the study was made publicly available, and patients were given the opportunity to decline participation.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement—checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement—checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: The data that support the findings of this study may be available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request and with permission from St. Luke’s International Hospital.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Yuntae Kim, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, St. Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo 104-8560, Japan. yunte.soccer.05@gmail.com
Received: April 7, 2025
Revised: April 24, 2025
Accepted: May 26, 2025
Published online: June 27, 2025
Processing time: 81 Days and 23.7 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: The optimal duration of antimicrobial treatment for acute cholangitis with gram-positive coccus bacteremia has not been well investigated. The Tokyo Guidelines 2018 recommended at least 14 days of treatment, citing the potential risk of infective endocarditis. However, the actual risk appears to be low, and a discrepancy with real-world practice has therefore been proposed. This study evaluated mortality, relapse, reinfection with the same organism, and length of hospital stay between the short-course treatment (SCT) and long-course treatment groups. No significant differences were observed in the treatment outcomes; however, the length of hospital stay tended to be shorter in the SCT group.