Liu TM. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: Pioneering the next generation of biomedical applications. World J Stem Cells 2025; 17(6): 108197 [DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v17.i6.108197]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Tong-Ming Liu, PhD, Senior Scientist, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, No. 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore. dbsliutm@yahoo.com
Research Domain of This Article
Cell Biology
Article-Type of This Article
Letter to the Editor
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Stem Cells. Jun 26, 2025; 17(6): 108197 Published online Jun 26, 2025. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v17.i6.108197
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: Pioneering the next generation of biomedical applications
Tong-Ming Liu
Tong-Ming Liu, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore 138648, Singapore
Author contributions: Liu TM contributed to conceptualization, manuscript writing, and revision; The author read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The author reports no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Tong-Ming Liu, PhD, Senior Scientist, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, No. 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore. dbsliutm@yahoo.com
Received: April 8, 2025 Revised: April 25, 2025 Accepted: June 6, 2025 Published online: June 26, 2025 Processing time: 79 Days and 3.5 Hours
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) represent the next generation of biomedical applications, offering advantages over MSCs such as higher stability and lower immunogenicity. As cell-free nanoparticles MSC-EVs have demonstrated both efficacy and safety in the treatment of a range of diseases. This article discussed the applications of MSC-EVs in hair regeneration, immunomodulation, and the treatment of acute kidney injury. MSC-EVs promote hair regeneration by enhancing dermal papilla cell proliferation and migration. They also modulate immune responses and mitigate inflammation through immune-related signaling pathways. Additionally, MSC-EVs contribute to improved renal function by modulating multiple signaling pathways. Despite these promising applications challenges remain in the clinical translation of MSC-EVs. Overcoming these challenges requires extensive research to fully optimize the therapeutic potential of MSC-EVs and advance their translation into clinical practice.
Core Tip: Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) are cell-free nanoparticles that offer several advantages over MSCs, including greater stability and lower immunogenicity. These vesicles have shown significant potential in the treatment of various diseases. This article explored the applications of MSC-EVs in hair regeneration, immunomodulation, and the treatment of acute kidney injury. It also highlighted the challenges associated with MSC-EV-based therapies, underscoring the need for continued research and innovation to address these obstacles and advance MSC-EV development and clinical translation.
