Published online May 26, 2025. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v17.i5.105394
Revised: February 27, 2025
Accepted: April 15, 2025
Published online: May 26, 2025
Processing time: 125 Days and 22.6 Hours
Ischemic heart disease ranks among the foremost contributors to mortality worldwide. Myocardial infarction injury poses a prevalent challenge in current therapies. Studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cell transplantation increases cytokine release, reduces myocardial cell necrosis, and improves left ventricular function; thus, it can be used to understand protective mechanisms. Fat extract (FE) derived from mesenchymal stem cell therapy contains high levels of paracrine factors.
To study the effects of FE on myocardial injury and its mechanism of action.
A mouse model of myocardial infarction and a hypoxic model of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (CMs) were established to evaluate the effects of FE.
FE exhibited an inhibitory effect on CM apoptosis and improved left ventricular function. This protective effect of FE on CMs was mediated, in part, by the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling pathway.
Our findings showed that FE could be a new treatment to protect CMs in ischemic heart disease.
Core Tip: Fat extract derived from mesenchymal stem cell therapy demonstrates protective effects on cardiomyocytes under ischemic conditions by inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis and improving left ventricular function. This protection is mediated through the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling pathway, suggesting fat extract as a potential new treatment for ischemic heart disease.