Effect of bowel rehabilitative therapy on structural adaptation of remnant small intestine: animal experiment

Table 1 Total parenteral nutrition composition (400 mL)

Ingredients	mL
500 g·L-1 glucose	100.0
Fat (300 g·L-1 intralipid *)	67.5
Amino acid (114 g·L-1 Novamin *)	150.0
100 g·L-1 NaCl	10.0
100 g·L-1 KCl	10.0
100 g·L-1 calcium gluconate	5.0
Multi-electrolytes (Addemel *)	2.5
Water-soluble vitamins (Soluvit *)	2.5
Lipid-soluble vitamins (Vitalipid *)	2.5
Nonprotein energy (kJ·mL-1)	4.2
Total nitrogen (g)	2.7
NPC/N (kJ·g-1)	620

*Provided by Sino-Swed Pharmaceutical Corp. Ltd., Wuxi, China. NPC/C: Nonprotein energy per gram of nitrogen.

Table 2 Enteral nutrition composition (420 mL)

Ingredients	Control EN	Glutamine enriched EN
Pepti-2000 variant * (g)	126.0	126.0
Protein hydrolysate (g)	19.9	19.9
Nitrogen (g)	2.9	2.9
Fat (g)	4.9	4.9
Vegetable (g)	2.45	2.45
MCT (g)	2.45	2.45
Linoleic acid	1.12	1.12
Carbohydrates (g)	93.1	93.1
Maltoª²dextrin (g)	91.7	91.7
Lactose (g)	< 1.12	< 1.12
Organic acid (g)	0.01	0.01
Minerals (g)	2.6	2.6
Vitamins (g)	0.4	0.4
Glycine (g)	10.0	0
Glutamine (g)	0	10.0
Nonprotein energy (kJ·mL-1)	4.2	4.2
NPC/N	610	610

*A commercial, nutritional complete, short-chain peptide based elemental diet (Nutricia, the Netherland). NPC/N: Nonprotein energy per gram of nitrogen from Pepti-2000 variant.

Table 3 Comparison of body mass before and after operation between each experiment groups (n = 6, x^-± s, g)

Groups	Day 0	Day 3	Day 6	Day 9	Day 12
TPNcon	276.3 ± 9.0	247.8 ± 7.4	255.5 ± 3.6	256.8 ± 3.4	257.3 ± 2.9
TPN + Gln	277.0 ± 6.1	249.7 ± 6.5	256.7 ± 4.0	258.7 ± 3.7	259.3 ± 2.9
Encon	278.8 ± 7.8	251.2 ± 8.0	244.7 ± 3.2a	250.7 ± 3.5a	257.3 ± 3.3
EN + Gln	279.8 ± 8.9	251.8 ± 7.1	246.5 ± 3.4a	252.8 ± 2.7	258.0 ± 2.5
EN + fib	280.5 ± 8.0	253.8 ± 6.6	252.2 ± 2.0b	261.8 ± 3.4b	270.7 ± 3.6ab
EN + GH	278.7 ± 12.9	255.7 ± 6.2	247.8 ± 2.3a	257.5 ± 3.3b	265.7 ± 3.3ab
ENint	278.8 ± 8.1	255.5 ± 6.2	260.5 ± 2.4bcd	272.7 ± 2.3abcd	280.5 ± 2.2abcd

^aP < 0.05, vs TPNcon;

^bP < 0.05, vs ENcon;

^cP < 0.05, vs EN + Fib;

^dP < 0.05, vs EN + GH. Day 0, refers to the day operation was performed, from which the time was dated.